2. 细节题
文章的作者往往要用具体事实和细节来证明、分析、解释中心思想、段落大义等主旨。细节题测试考生对文中事实和有关细节的理解程度。考生应特别注意有关who, when, where, what, whose, how why 等问题的内容。细节题的常见题干有：
1. What causes……?
2. What is special about …?
3. Why does the writer …. ?
4. It can be seen from this passage that…. . ?
5. Which of the following characterizes …. . ?
6. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
7. Which of the following statement is (NOT) true?
8. The writer mentions all of the following EXCEPT ______.
9. According to the passage who (when, where, what, whose, how)…
10. The reason for … is ________.
11. …. can be attributed to _________.
12. …. in that _________.
13. What does the example of …. illustrate?
14. The example of …in the passage is used to _______.
15. The author state that_______.
16. The author quotes …. in paragraph x because _______.
这类题的题干和正确答案在含义上通常相等于原文中某部分内容，但通常表达方式不同。如：使用不同的语态句式，同义词，反义词（或词组）。也有的细节题需要在理解相关原文内容的基础上做出简单推理和计算。文中的具体事实和细节不是孤立存在的而是前后呼应，相辅相成的。这类考题在试卷中所占比例最大，其出题顺序一般和文章内容的先后顺序一致。干扰选项往往使用原文中的一些表达方式，但其陈述与原文不符或部分不符，或虽与大众常识、流行观点一致，但却与作者观点或原文内容相悖或原文根本未提及。(安通学校提供)
在一般情况下，阅读考试中遇到细节题应先通读或略读全文，了解全文和各段的主旨大意，然后再做题。要先看清考题的题干，特别注意其关键词“Where? When? Which? Who?”，然后找到相应段落，进而找出相应陈述，仔细阅读，并根据上下文思索其真实含义。最后是比较选项，排除干扰项，选择正确答案。
细节题例1
原文：As the heat increases, the young hurricane begins to swirl in a counter-clockwise motion.
The counter-clockwise swirling of the hurricane is brought about by ______.
A. the low-pressure area in the center of the storm
B. the force of waves of water
C. the trade winds
D. the increasing heat
根据原文的As the heat increases，我们知道正确答案为D：反时针方向的旋涡是因为热度加大而造成的。
细节题例 2
原文：In a barter economy it would be necessary to determine how many plates were worth one hundred weight of cotton, or how many pens should be exchanged for a ton of coal, which would be a difficult and time-consuming task.
A barter economy is one in which ___.
A. value is decided by weight
B. value is decided by number
C. goods are exchanged and money is not used
D. money is used and goods are not exchanged
根据原文的上下文，我们可猜测出barter economy就是“物物交换经济”，由此可知正确答案为C：货物被交换，而不是用货币。
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