nuts open. They select a large flat stone as an anvil (a heavy block
on which to place the nuts) and a smaller stone as a hammer. Stones suitable for use as
anvils are not easy to find, and often a chimpanzee may carry a haul of nuts more than
40 meters to find a suitable anvil. The use of tools in chimpanzees is especially interesting
because these animals sometimes modify tools to make them better suited for their
intended purpose. To make a twig more effective for digging out termites, for example,
a chimp may first strip it of its leaves.
Surprisingly, there is also a species of bird that uses sticks to probe holes in the search
for insects. One of the species of Galapagos finch, the woodpecker finch, picks up or
breaks off a twig, cactus spine, or leaf stem. This primitive tool is then held in the beak
and used to probe for insects in holes in trees that the bird cannot probe directly with its
beak. Birds have been seen to carry twigs from tree to tree searching for prey.
Tools may also be used for defense. Hermit crabs grab sea anemones with their claws
and use them as weapons to repel their enemies. Studies have demonstrated that these
crabs significantly improve their chances against predators such as octopus by means of
this tactic. Also, many species of forest-dwelling primates defend themselves by throwing
objects, including stones, at intruders.
40. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Primates are superior to other animals in using tools.
(B) The use of stones as tools is similar across different animal species.
(C) Birds and primates use tools that are different from those of sea animals.
(D) Many animals have developed effective ways of using tools.
41. Why does the author mention ants and termites in line 6 ?
(A) To give an example of food that chimpanzees collect by using tools
(B) To emphasize that ants and termites often hide together in the same place
(C) To identify an important part of the chimpanzee diet
(D) To point out a difference between two closely related species
42. According to the passage, Ivory Coast chimpanzees are among the most remarkable of animal tool users because they
(A) use tools to gather food
(B) use more than one tool to accomplish a task
(C) transport tools from one place to another
(D) hide their tools from other animals
43. The word "haul" in line 10 is closest in meaning to
(A) diet
(B) type
(C) load
(D) branch
44. The word "them" in line 12 refers to
(A) chimpanzees
(B) animals
(C) tools
(D) termites
45. The word "strip" in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) search
(B) eat
(C) carry
(D) remove
46. The word "probe" in line 15 is closest in meaning to
(A) change
(B) watch
(C) explore
(D) create
47. According to the passage, what is characteristic of the way in which woodpecker finches hunt insects?
(A) The finches use different plant parts as tools to capture insects.
(B) The finches make narrow holes in trees to trap insects.
(C) The finches pick up insects that they find on leaves.
(D) The finches catch insects in the air as they fly from tree to tree.
48. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the behavior of the woodpecker finch?
(A) It uses its beak as a weapon against its enemies.
(B) It uses the same twig to look for food in different trees.
(C) It uses twigs and leaves to build its nest.
(D) It avoids areas where cactus
49. According to the passage, studies have shown that hermit crabs manage to turn octopus away by
(A) attacking the octopus with their claws
(B) using stones as weapons
(C) defending themselves with sea anemones
(D) hiding under sea plants
50. Forest primates and certain sea animals are mentioned in the passage as examples of animals that use tools for
(A) self-protection
(B) food preparation
(C) hunting prey
(D) building nests or home plants grow.
参考答案：(暂缺听力第30题答案)
BABBC BDBBC BDBAC ACBBD BDAAD DDCA× CDABB CDAAC BDDCB DCDCA
ACADD CBACB CDCDC BBCDB ACABC BACDC DBDAC DBDAA
BCAAD DCBBD DAADC DADCC CBDCA BDBDC CBDAB ABCDDABCCD
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