on years ago, Europa's ocean may have been liquid
right to the surface, making it a crucible for life.
10. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The effect of the tides on Europa's interior
(B) Temperature variations on Jupiter's moons
(C) Discoveries leading to a theory about one of Jupiter's moons
(D) Techniques used by Voyager 2 to obtain close-up images
11. The word "intriguing" in line 5 is closest in meaning to
(A) changing
(B) perfect
(C) visible
(D) fascinating
12. In line 7, the author mentions "cracks in an eggshell" in order to help readers
(A) visualize Europa as scientists saw it in the Voyager 2 images
(B) appreciate the extensive and detailed informalion available by viewing Europa from far away
(C) understand the relationship of Europa to the solar system
(D) recognize the similarity of Europa to Jupiter's other moons
13. It can be inferred from the passage that astronomy textbooks prior to 1979
(A) provided many contradictory statistics about Europa
(B) considered Europa the most important of Jupiter's moons
(C) did not emphasize Europa because little information of interest was available
(D) did not mention Europa because it had not yet been discovered
14. What does the author mean by stating in line 7 that "this analogy is not far off the mark"?
(A) The definition is not precise.
(B) The discussion lacks necessary information.
(C) The differences are probably significant.
(D) The comparison is quite appropriate.
15. It can be inferred from the passage that Europa and Antarctica have in common which of the following?
(A) Both appear to have a surface with many craters.
(B) Both may have water beneath a thin, hard surface.
(C) Both have an ice cap that is melting rapidly.
(D) Both have areas encased by a rocky exterior.
16. The word "endless" in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) new
(B) final
(C) temporary
(D) continuous
17. According to the passage, what is the effect of Jupiter's other large moons on Eurnpa?
(A) They prevent Europa's subsurface waters from freezing.
(B) They prevent tides that could damage Europa's surface.
(C) They produce the very hard layer of ice that characterizes Europa.
(D) They assure that the gravitational pull on Europa is maintained at a steady level.
18. According to the passage, Voyager 2's images Ied rcsearchers to develop which of the following theories'?
(A) Jupiter may be hotter today than it once was.
(B) Europa is far older than scientists originally thought
(C) Europa's temperature is maintained by Jupiter's vast store of internal heat.
(D) The ocean waters of Europa could contain some forms of life.
19 The word "it" in line 24 refers to
(A) internal heat
(B) warm phase
(C) Europa's ocean
(D) surface
The term "print" has several meanings, so it is important to understand exactly what is
meant by the artistic terminology. A print in the artistic sense is not a reproduction of a
work of art done in some other medium, such as painting or drawing. That can in no sense
be considered a work of art, since the artist had no involvement with it. A print is an original
work of art created by an indirect method. Instead of making an image directly on a surface,
as in drawing or painting, the artist works on a master surface, which may be a sheet of
metal, a block of stone, wood, plastic, or linoleum. From this master surface, numerous
impressions may be made by inking the surface, laying a sheet of paper on it, and then
subjecting both surface and paper to pressure, generally by means of a printing press.
A print may exist in several versions. Sometimes the printmaker alters the image between
impressions, so that each print is slightly different from the others. Any series of such prints
is referred to as multiples. The number of impressions (known as the edition) that are
possible from a single original varies with the material. Prints made from linoleum, which
wears readily, will be fewer than those made from a metal plate, which is capable of striking
fine-quality prints in the thousands. It is customary to number prints as they come off the
press, the earlier impressions being the finest and therefore the most desirable.
Prints incorporate the same compositional principles, as paintings. Line, shape, or texture
may be the predominant element according to the printing technique used. Some prints have
obvious decorative qualities while others may be filled with emotional impact.
Printmaking derives from two historical sources: early woodblocks into which an
image was cut and used to illustrate a book or playing cards, and the medieval practice of
decorating metal with incised designs, as in armor. Today most techniques fall into one of
four categories: relief( intaglio, lithography, and serigraphy. However, there are many
variations, combinations with photographic techniques, and considerable overlapping.
20. In the artistic sense, a print is a work of art created by
(A) making a painting from an original drawing
(B) drawing or painting similar images many times
(C) transferring an original image from one surface to another
(D)copying an original image made on paper onto a hard surface
21. The word "That" in line 3 refers to
(A) terminology
(B) sense
(C) reproduction
(D) medium
22. Which of the following is mentioned as an example of a master surface?
(A) a drawing or painting
(B) a block of stone
(C) a sheet of paper
(D) a printing press
23. The word "versions" in line 10 is closcst in meaning to
(A) ideas
(B) numbers
(C) functions
(D) forms
24. Which of the following terms is NOT defined in the passage?
(A) "print" (line I)
(B) "impressions" (line 8)
(C) "multiples" (line 12)
(D) "edition" (line 12)
25. A metal plate is compared favorably with linoleum as a meter surface because a metal plate
(A)lasts longer
(B) is less expensive
(C) makes print
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