3.Still, he could not help thinking that if anything should happen, the nearest person he could contact by radio, (unless there was a ship nearby), would be on an island 885 miles away.
结构：共有5个谓语动词，主句谓语动词为could not help。that引导think的宾语从句。could contact属于定于从句，省略了引导词，修饰person。unless引导条件状语从句，为插入语。拆分为：
1) Still, he could not help thinking.
2) That if anything should happen.
3) The nearest person would be on … away.
4) he could contact the person.
5) Unless there was a ship nearby.
翻译：他仍然忍不住想到，如果发生了什么意外，那么除非附近有条船，否则他能用电台联系到的最近的人也885英里之外的岛屿上。
4.Yet this other life has its interests, its enjoyments, its satisfaction, and, (at certain rare intervals), a peaceful glow or a sudden excitement.
结构：只有1个谓语动词：has。its…, its…, its…, and a…or a…是并列结构，作为has的宾语。(at certain rare intervals)是插入语。
翻译：然而，这另一种生活也有其情趣、快乐、满足，而且也偶尔伴随着平静的喜悦或者突如其来的激动。
5.Our knowledge of social systems, (therefore), (while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate), is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries.
结构：共有2个谓语动词，其中is not是主句的谓语动词。while引导的让步状语从句，作为插入语，分隔了主语和系动词。拆分为：
1) Our knowledge of social systems is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries.
2) While it is in many ways extremely inaccurate.
翻译：因此，虽然在很多方面，我们对社会体制的认识极度不准确，但是这些认识并不能够被新的发现所正式推翻。
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