“四宗罪”之三：答非所问
Many candidates come to the speaking test with prepared answers. Examiners are aware of this and will ask questions which are similar to frequently asked questions.
Therefore, the prepared answer a candidate has, does not match the question. This gives the examiner a reason to lower the candidates score because there is a phrase in the criteria which deals directly with ‘remembered speech’.
So, candidates should listen to the question carefully, rather than relying on prepared answers. Remember, there is a tape recorder that records everything in the room. This can be used as evidence against a candidate.
If an examiner feels that a candidate may have accidently misinterpreted a question, they will either, repeat the question or advise the candidate that they have not answered the asked question.
If a candidate continues to answer questions with prepared answers, the examiner will deem that the candidate is using prepared answers. As an experienced examiner, it is quite easy to differentiate between a remembered answer and an answer which has been devised in a matter of seconds.
专家解读：
其实雅思考官最为痛恨及痛斥的就是这“第三宗罪”— 答非所问，因为考生在这里表现出的“罪行”是背答案 — 背事先精心准备好的现成答案。富有经验的考官可以在你开始说话的前3-5秒钟，一下子判断出你是否在背答案。为什么会这么快就下判断呢？因为这是雅思考官培训过程中的一大重要环节。因此朗阁海外考试研究中心在此规劝广大“烤鸭”，千万不要背答案，即使是再愚蠢的考官也可以迅速知道你的“罪行”。
资深考官在这里又透露出一个鲜为人知的事实：为了对付背答案的考生，他们早已准备好了一套秘密武器。这就是考官提出的问题会非常接近我们平时一直听到、并且已经听滥掉的问题，但两者之间会有细微的差别，而正是这种微小的区别会导致完全不同的回答方式！
举例来说，我们平时可能会准备这个问题：How can the government encourage more people to use public transport? 并且把政府如何鼓励人们使用共同交通的具体措施背得滚瓜烂熟。可一旦上了考场，考官却会问：How can we improve people’s awareness of using public transport? 如果你不假思索、不去仔细听问题、不加以具体分析和辨别，而用事先准备好的答案来回答，你无异于踩上了一颗精心炮制出来的“地雷”！
因为这两道题的侧重点完全不同：前者注重具体的措施及行动方案；而后者的回答重心应落在人们环保及节能意识的提高。这是考官出题时有意布置的一个“套”，不加防备且一味依赖现成答案的考生就会主动把脖子伸进去！
你的这一行为对于考官来说，就等于向他提供了“犯罪证据”，因为在他的评分标准里面，就分明有一条是来对付“remembered speech”。换言之，你背答案的“罪行”恰好赠送了考官给你降分的理由。而更为可怕的是，现场的录音装置会把你背答案的每个细节一字不差地记录下来，可谓“人证物证俱在，犯罪事实清楚”，结局可想而知！
作为一项非常人性化的考试，雅思考官如果发现你不小心误解了问题，他会采取两种方法来帮助你：一是把问题原封不动地再说一遍，这是在提醒你 – 你可能在答非所问；二是直截了当地告诉考生 – You are not answering the question. 如果考生无视考官的提醒及警示，继续坚持答非所问的话，考官就会十分肯定你是在背答案。
专家终极建议：
既然背答案已经成为考官深恶痛绝的一条“罪行”，那么专家的建议是：“不背答案背思路”。这七个字的具体操作方法是：
一、先找到一段现成的精彩答案（最好是名师写的），把其中的内容在自己脑子里面过几遍，这叫“内化”，能让你更深层地理解回答的思路；
二、不用把这段答案机械化地背出来，你只需把其中的要点（一般为词组或短句形式）勾勒出来、甚至条目式地抄写下来，以增强记忆；
三、在理解的基础上背诵这些条目要点，并用自己的语言把它们从头到尾串讲一遍；
四、自己把题目略微改动一下，并相应地调整你的条目要点，也同样用自己的话串讲一次。
举个简单的例子，你要回答的问题是：
How should parents encourage their children to help others?
老师提供的现成答案是：
When it comes to encouraging children to help others, many parents in the West have set a good example for us. They are very supportive when their kids take part in voluntary activities and community services. Yet in China, where the society gets more and more competitive, parents would tell their children to take care of their own business only.
考生需要背诵的条目要点是：
Parents in the West; set a good example
Be supportive; take part in voluntary activities and community services
China’s competitive society; tell children to take care of their own business
如果你能够用自己的话，把上面的三个要点连贯起来，这就是一个高分的回答！
责任编辑：sealion1986
