二、
分句、合句法
很多情况下，翻译句子的时候，需要调整原来的句子结构，分句法和合句法是调整原文句子的两种重要的方法。所谓分句法就是把原文的一个简单句译为两个或两个以上的句子。所谓合句法就是把原文两个或两个以上的简单句或一个复合句译成一个单句。
I.分句法
汉译英时，需要分译的句子多数是长句，或者是结构复杂的复句。这种句子如果译成一个长句，就会使译文冗长、累赘、意思表达不清楚，也不符合英文习惯。如果采用分译，则会使译文简洁、易懂、层次分明。如以下五个例子：
例1. 少年是一去不复返的，等到精力衰竭时，要做学问也来不及了。(按内容层次分译)
译文： Youth will soon be gone， never to return. And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years.
例2. 她隔窗望去，突然发现有只小船停泊在河边，船里有位船夫睡得正香。(从主语变换处分译)
译文： Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored to the bank. In it there was a boatman fast asleep.
例3. 声速随温度的升降会有轻微的增减，但不受气压的影响。(从关联词处分译)
译文： The speed of sound increases slightly with a rise in temperature and falls with decrease in temperature. It is not affected by the pressure of the air.
例4. 我们的政策是实行"一个国家，两种制度"，具体说，就是在中华人民共和国内，有着十多亿人口的大陆实行社会主义制度，香港、台湾地区实行资本主义制度。(原文出现总说或分述时要分译)
译文： We are pursuing a policy of "one country with two systems." More specifically, this means that within the People's Republic of China, the mainl and with its more than one billion people will maintain the socialist system, while Hong Kong and Taiwan continue under the capitalist system.
例5. 我们主张对我国神圣领土台湾实行和平统一，有关的政策，也是众所周知和不会改变的，并且正在深入人心。(为了强调语气而采用分译)
译文： We want peaceful reunification with Taiwan which is part of our sacred territory. Our policy in this regard is also known to all and will not change. The desire for peaceful reunification of the mother and is taking hold in the hearts of the entire Chinese nation.
责任编辑：刘小蜗
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