In 1945, William initiated the Hearst Foundation and created the California Charities Foundation in 1948 (the name was changed to the William Randolph Hearst Foundation soon after his death in 1951). The Great Depression took its toll on even the wealthiest and William Randolph Hearst was no exception. His fantastically decadent lifestyle couldn’t last forever, and gradually his finances began to suffer, beginning the next chapter in the saga of excesses. He came close to being bankrupt but Marion rescued him from debt, unselfishly selling her jewels and some other property to raise over a million dollars.
1945年，威廉建立赫斯特基金会。1948年创立加利福尼亚慈善基金会（在他1951年去世后不久，改为威廉?伦道夫?赫斯特基金会）。大萧条对即使是最富有的人都会带来损失，威廉?伦道夫也不例外。他那种荒诞放纵的生活方式不能再继续下去了，他的财政开始逐渐吃紧。这种放荡生活的下一篇章开始了。就在他行将破产的时候，马里恩在把他从债务中挽救出来。她无私地卖掉了她的珠宝和一些其他的地产，筹集了100多万美元。
In 1947, due to his poor health, he was forced to move permanently to Beverly Hills. Marion looked after him during this time, seldom leaving his side. When he died in 1951 at the age of 88, she was shunned by his family and forbidden to attend his funeral.
1947年，由于健康状况恶化，他被迫永久地住在贝弗莉山上。马里恩在此期间一直照顾他，几乎没有离开过他的身边。当他于1951年88岁去世时，她却被他的家庭有意避开，并被禁止参加葬礼。
The castle, its furnishings, the artworks in the gallery, and 127 acres of land were given to the state of California in 1957. Since that time, the California Department of Parks and Recreation has kept the castle open to tourists.
这座城堡，连同里面的家具设施，走廊里的艺术品，以及127英亩的土地在1957年给了加利福尼亚政府。从那时起，加利福尼亚公园和娱乐部一直把这座城堡向游人开放。
Today a visit to the estate begins near the site of the old airstrip. Guests are transported to the top of the hill via bus. One can still see the signs giving wandering animals the “right-of-way” on the lanes. Deer, cattle, and sheep often halt the buses’ progress up or down the mountain as they meander to the salt licks.
今天游览到这个庄园，起点就在旧飞机跑道所在位置附近。客人们乘巴士到山顶。路上，仍然可以看见让放养的动物们“优先通行”的标示牌。鹿、牛和羊悠闲地在盐渍地舔食时，常常迫使正在行驶的上下山巴士停下来。
Depending on the tour one chooses, guides escort the public through a variety of rooms, gardens, cottages, and pools. The luxury of a bygone era is evident at every turn. From the moment you arrive at the stairway to the Neptune Pool until you bid farewell to your guides at the magnificent, golden and blue Roman Pool, you are reminded that a man had a dream. He had power and influence. Furthermore, he was prosperous enough to achieve his objectives and implement his dream.
根据你选好的路线，导游会陪你经过各种房间、花园、别墅和水池。处处显现出昔日的奢华。从到达通向尼普顿水池楼梯的那一刻起，到在金碧辉煌的罗马水池边对导游说再见，你会一直想起一个有梦想的人。他有才能和影响力。而且他曾经飞黄腾达，能够达到他的目的并实现他的梦想。
加籍华人阿寿Yip Sang, a Chinese-Canadian
The British and Chinese signed the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, each providing their respective subjects with the right to benefit from full security and protection for their persons and property within each other’s boundaries. Even though China did no openly allow emigration, in 1860 a law was passed which stated that Chinese seeking to work in the British Colonies or other places were at liberty to do so. They had only to ship themselves and their families on board any British vessel at any of the open ports in China. In 1868, another treaty, this one with the united States, gave the Chinese the right to change their home and loyalty from one country to another for the purposes of curiosity, of trade, or as permanent residents, thereby opening the gates for emigration from China.
1842年，中英两国签订《南京条约》，双方为各自的国民提供在彼此的疆域内享有人员和财产受到完全保护的权利。尽管中国没有公开允许移民出境，但1860年通过的一条法律规定寻求在英国殖民地或其他地方工作的华人有这种移民自由。他们及其家人只要登上在中国任一个开放港口里的任一艘英国船只即可。1868年，另一个条约——一个与美国签订的条约——给予那些观光、贸易或永久定居为目的的华人将家庭及对国家的效忠从一个国家转移到另一个国家的权利。从而打开了从中国移民出境的大门。
The gold boom in British Columbia in the 1850’s was the beginning of Chinese immigration from the U.S. into Canada. Many of these early immigrants from Fujian and Guangdong provinces to San Francisco. When they heard of the gold discoveries in British Columbia, many crossed the border into Canada by moving overland through Oregon or arriving by sea in Victoria. When the gold deposits were depleted, these early settler stayed, moving into occupations like gardening, farming, domestic service, road construction, and railway building. By 1871, these were approximately 3,000 Chinese inhabitants in the province, only 53 of whom being women.
1850年不列颠哥伦比亚的淘金热开始了华人从美国移民到加拿大的历程。在这些早期移民中间，很多人是从福建省、广东省乘船到达旧金山的。当听说在不列颠哥伦比亚发现了金矿，很多人从陆路穿越俄勒冈州，过边境进入加拿大，或者乘船到达维多利亚港。当金矿被淘尽的时候，这些早期的定居者留了下来，转而从事园艺、农业、家政服务、道路和铁路建设等行业。到1871年，这个省大约有3,000名华裔居民，其中只有53名妇女。
Since Chinese workers were know to be conscientious and reliable, several companies actively recruited them. As a result, it was estimated that 10,000 workers arrived between 1882 and 1884. In an effort to restrict they entry of Chinese immigrants, an act was passed in the Canadian Parliament confining the proportion to one person for every 50 tons of vessel tonnage. A head tax was also imposed. Records of those who paid the head tax are still available for viewing in the National Archives of Canada.
因为华人劳工以勤劳守信闻名，多家公司争相雇佣他们。结果，在1882年至1884年期间，估计来了10,000名工人。为了有效地限制华人入境，加拿大国会通过了一项法令，限制每50吨排水吨位只能运载1人，还征收人头税。那些交了人头税的人，其档案至今还可以在加拿大国家档案馆查阅到。
An article in the Illustrated London News in January 1875 gave some insight into the emigration process of the Chinese by conveying the ideas of changes they might undergo. The author thought the modifications would be slight and principally external. He believed that, in an attempt to blend in, the Chinese would adopt American language, culture, and dress. However, because the Chinese brought with them a strong sense of their own identity, it wasn’t necessary for them to cultivate a North American way of life, nor did they feel an obligation to abandon their traditions. Much of the article would be considered insulting by today’s standards.
1875年元月刊登在《伦敦新闻画报》上的一篇文章，通过揭示华人一些观念的改变，对移民过程做了某些深层的透视。其作者认为，他们的变化是很小的，而且基本上都是外在的。他相信在努力融入当地社会的过程中，华人接受了美洲的语言、文化和服饰。然而，因为华人总是带有一种对他们自己身份的强烈认同感，要他们养成北美的生活方式是没有必要的，他们也认为没有义务放弃自己的传统。以今天的标准来看，这篇文章的大部分内容可以被认为是带有侮辱性的。
In the United States, there were two opposing points of view. On one side of the coin, the Chinese were seen as an inexpensive means of providing the manual labor necessary to develop the assets of the country, most often in hazardous occupations. On the other side, there were those who branded them as the “curse” of the nation. Some Americans applauded the Chinese but others condemned them as evil. Some were disturbed by what might happen if all the immigrants decided to stay. Their distress was unfounded however, as most Chinese had no intention of staying. Their greatest wish was to accumulate as much money as possible and return to China.
在美国，存在两种对立的观点。一方面，华人被看成廉价的劳动力，为这个国家的财富积累提供了必要的人力资源，大多数通常从事危险的职业。另一方面，又有人污蔑他们是这个国家的“祸根”。有些美国人赞扬中国人，另一些人则指责他们是恶棍。还有些人忧心忡忡于如果所有移民都决定留下来可能会发生的问题。然而，他们的担心毫无道理，因为大多数华人并没打算留下来。他们最大的愿望就是尽可能地攒钱，然后回到中国。
Guilds were set up to provide lodging and employment for the emigrants, for a fee of course. The fee ensured that the worker would be paid a decent wage and that his employer would not deceive him. The accumulated fees amounted to a large sum, allowing the Guilds to help those who were ill or out of work. They not only saw that the worker received whatever was due to him, they also made him pay all his debts. The worker wasn’t allowed to return to his own country without a certificate from his agent stating he owned nothing.
为移民提供食宿和就业的行会建立了起来。当然，这是要付钱的。所付费用可以保证工人得到合理的工资，不受雇主欺骗。会费累积到很大一笔的时候，行会就能够帮助生病或失业的人。他们不仅要注意工人是否得到应得的收入，还要使他还清所有的债务。没有其代理人出具的无欠债的证明，工人是不允许回到自己国家的。
Many Chinese were able to save a portion of their earnings to take with them to their family back home. Often, after workers returned to China, they would revisit North America to accumulate more money. Before being allowed to board a ship in China, however, they had to prove that they were going to their own free will and were under no labor contract. Before the ships set sail. The authorities would visit to guarantee that all on board had their ticket stamped and were not leaving the country against their will.
很多华人能够存下一部分收入，回家时带回他们的祖国。工人们回到中国后，常常会再次到北美挣更多的钱。然而，在中国，被允许上船之前，他们必须证明自己是自愿走的，并不是受劳动合同的约束。在开船之前，当局会上来检查，保证船上所有的人都检过票，并且不是违反他们的意愿离开这个国家的。
Yip Sang, born in Canton in 1845, left China at the age of nineteen to seek his fortune in America. After arriving in San Francisco in 1864, he earned a living by working first as a dish-washer, then as a cook, and finally as a cigar roller. From the outset, he perceived that if he was patient and could represent the best of his race, his merits would be recognized.
阿寿，1845年出生于广东，19岁时离开中国到美国谋生。1864年到达旧金山后，靠打工过活，先是当洗碗工，然后是厨师，最后是雪茄卷烟工。从一开始，他就认识到，只要他有耐心，能够表现出最佳的能力，就会实现他的价值。
Possibly the attraction of high wages rumored to be offered by Canadian railroad companies roused Yip San to leave San Francisco. He arrived in Vancouver in 1881 and worked on the western portion of the Canadian pacific Railroad from 1882 until 1884, first as a book-keeper, then as a time-keeper, and finally as a paymaster, before being promoted to Chinese superintendent for the supply company. The promotion made him responsible for hiring on contract and transporting thousands of men from China to work on the railway line in British Columbia. He supervised some six to seven thousand Chinese workers during the peak of the construction.
也许是受传闻中加拿大铁路公司所给的高工资的吸引，阿寿离开了旧金山。1881年他到温哥华。1882年至1884年，他在加拿大太平洋铁路的西段工作。先是做簿记员，然后是记工员，出纳员，最后被提拔为供应公司的华人主管。这次晋升使他负责雇佣合同的事务，他把几千人从中国运送到不列颠哥伦比亚的铁路线上工作。在建设高峰期间，他管理的华工达六、七千人。
In 1885, he returned to China using the money he had saved from his CPR job. He remained there from 1885 until 1888, while there he married four different wives, a regular occurrence at the time for wealthy young men. He and his first wife, Lee She, had a son and a daughter. Lee She became gravely ill after their marriage and urged Yip Sang to take another wife, one who could be
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