1.Parents in the United States tend to ask their children ____.
A)to save food.
B)to wash the dishes.
C)not to waste food.
D)not to eat too much.
2.Why do American restaurants serve large portions?
A)Because、Americans associate quantity with value.
B)Because Americans have big bellies.
C)Because Americans are good eaters.
D)Because Americans are greedy.
3.What happened in the 1970s?
A)The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gave to a customer.
B)Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.
C)The United States produced more grain than needed.
D)The American waistline started to expand.
4.What does the survey indicate?
A)Many poor Americans want large portions.
B)Twenty percent Americans want smaller portions.
C)Fifty seven percent Americans earn $1 50,000 per year.
D)Twenty three percent Americans earn less than $25,000 per year.
5.Which of the following is Not true of working class Americans?
A)They work long hours.
B)They live from paycheck to paycheck.
C)They don't want to be healthy eaters.
D)They want to save money for their children.
标准答案：C,A,D,A,C
解 析：1.C. 问题问“美国父母往往让他们的孩子...”。该题可以借助文章主题及被选项直接的关系之间判断答案。也可以在文章中查找相关信息判断答案：首先关注文章开头的语句。 利用问题句中的细节信息词parents(父母)和children(孩子)，特征词the United States共同作为答案线索， 在文章中查找到答案相关句：(第一段) “Clean (打扫)your plate!”and “Be(成为/become) a member(成员) of the clean-plate(清盘) club(俱乐部)!”Just about(几乎) every kid (children的近义词)in the US has heard(曾经提到过) this from a parent or grandparent(祖父母). 答案相关句(划线句)说“几乎每个美国孩子都会听到他们的父母或祖父母说这么一番话语”。答案相关句中的代词this指代前句中提到“把你的盘子打扫干净!”， “要成为清盘俱乐部的成员!”，再参考下文内容： Often it’s accompanied by (被陪伴)an appeal(请求): “Just think about (考虑)those starving(快要饿死的) orphans(孤儿) in Africa(非洲)!”该句说“父母或祖父母还经常会加上一句恳求的话语： 想想那些饥饿的非洲孤儿吧!” 我们知道“非洲的孩子没有足够的食物”，因此从“想想那些饥饿的非洲孤儿吧!”中可以推断出 ：如果你们不清盘，-- 不吃完餐盘里的食物，把食物浪费掉你们怎么对得起非洲那些没有食物的孩子们呢?因此前文中提到的“把盘子打扫干净” 是指“把盘子里的食物都吃光”， 因此C(不浪费食物)是答案。
2. A. 问题问“美国饭馆为什么饭菜给得多?”利用问题句中的细节信息词American restaurants(美国饭馆)作为答案线索， 在文章中查找到答案相关句：(第2段)According to(根据) news reports(报告), US restaurants are partly(部分) to blame for(对...负责) the growing(成长的) bellies(出现在B中). A waiter(服务员) puts a plate(餐盘) of food in front of (在...的前面)each customer(顾客), with two or four times(倍，次数) the amount recommended by the government(被政府推荐的), according to (根据)a USA Today (《今日美国》)story(报道， 故事). 看Americans traditionally(传统上) associate quantity(数量)(出现在A中) with value(价值)(出现在A中)and most restaurants try to give them that。 They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.
第一个答案相关句(划线句)说“根据新闻报道， 美国餐馆应该为美国人日益增大的肚腩负一部分责任”， 该句内容没有回答问题句提出的问题，因此关注第2个答案相关句(划线句)， 该句说“美国人习惯认为量和质是紧密相关的， 这属于他们的文化传统相关。 大多数的餐馆试图给他们那个”，该句中出现了需要确认指代内容的两个代词：them和that。根据代词前指的特征，不难看出them指句子前面部分提到的“Americans/美国人”， that指代前一句提到的two or four times the amount recommended by the government(超过政府推荐数量的2倍到4倍的食物)。由此不难看出第2个答案相关句中的两个并列分句之间存在明显的因果关系：因为美国人习惯认为量和质是紧密相关的，所以大多数美国餐厅提供给顾客的食物都超量。因此选项A是答案
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