“Although they have never really tried to work in a massage towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values – not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working, says Martine.”They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”
Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor the become consumers. “This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible(不相容的)with unlimited reproduction.”says Martine.
1. According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth ___.
A) by educating its citizens
B)by careful family plan
C)by developing TV programs
D) by chance
1.According to the passage, many Third World countries ___.
A) haven’t attached much importance to birth control
B) would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate.
C) haven’t yet found an effective measure to control their population
D) neglected the role of TV played in family planning
2.The phrase “put it down to”(Line 1, Para. 3)is closest in meaning to ___.
attributes it to
sumps it up as
finds it a reason for
compares it to
3.Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil’s birth rate because ___.
they keep people sitting long hours watching TV
they have gradually changes people’s way of life
people are drawn to their attractive package
they popularize birth control measures
4.What is Martine’s conclusion about Brazil’s population growth?
the increase in birth rate will promote consumption
the desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate
consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory.
A country’s production is limited by its population growth
标准答案：D,C,A,B,B
解 析：1.D. 问题句说“根据文章的说法，巴西通过...减少人口增长? ”， 问题句中没有特征词以及细节信息词出现，因此利用问题句中的核心词语(Brazil, population growth, cut back)作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：“Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing (与“cut back”词义相近)population growth but more by accident than design.”该句说“巴西的人口增长得了控制，这纯粹是出于偶然， 而不是由于巴西的精心设计”。 by accident与by chance同义。
2. C. 问题句说“根据文章相关内容， 许多第三世界国家...”， 从句意来看，该问题与文章中具体细节相关， 属于细节题。利用问题句中的特征词Third World countries作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
Brazil has become one of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil had better result without really trying, says Georgy Martine at Harvard.
Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.
答案相关句(划线句)说“Martine说这个数字在1990以后进一步下降， 这是一个许多第三世界国家都感到嫉妒的成绩”，显然这个句子与问题与被选项都没有直接的关系。文章第一段中出现了“countries such as India”(与“Third World countries/第三世界国家”呼应)， 该句说“第三四节国家作了很大的努力， 但成绩却不如没做什么努力的巴西”，由此可推断出“许多第三世界国家还没有找到有效的手段来控制人口增长”
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