2010年考研英语语法重点考点及难点解析:从句之定语从句-考研-优易学

2010年考研英语语法重点考点及难点解析:从句之定语从句

来源：优易学 2011-7-31 11:14:47 【优易学：中国教育考试第一门户】资料下载学历书店

　　【真题例句】But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University
　　 in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that
　　 it is all too monkey, as well。(2005阅读1)
　　【结构分析】本句主句为主谓宾结构But a study suggests that…，其中suggest的宾语部分为that引导的名词性从句that it is all too monkey, as well充当。两个逗号间为which引导的非限制性定语从句which has just been published in Nature译为“(which)刚刚发表在《自然》期刊上”，在本句中起分隔作用。关系代词which在从句中作主语，通过分析全句，不难看出which同时指代上文完整的主句内容。
　　【参考译文】但是由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃默里大学的萨拉·布鲁斯南和弗兰斯·德瓦尔进行的一项研究表明，猴子也有类似的情绪表达，这项研究成果刚刚发表在《自然》期刊上。
　　【真题例句】He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely
　　 abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain
　　 that he never could have succeeded with mathematics。(2008-47)
　　【结构分析】本句是复合句。主句为He asserted that…，其中assert的宾语为that引导的名词性从句充当，其中主语power后由不定式结构to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought作后置定语。句末是非限制性定语从句for which reason he felt certain that…，关系代词which修饰reason指代前面整句的内容his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited，与for连接使用，在从句中表示原因。注意he felt certain that…是主系表结构中的一类特殊分支：主+系+adj.+that从句。
　　【参考译文】达尔文同时声称，对于冗长而且纯抽象的思想，自己的理解能力并不强。因为这个原因，他相信自己在数学方面根本不会成功。
　　 6。关系代词如果在限制性定语从句中作宾语可以被省略。
　　【真题例句】Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life
　　 Kelsey used to advocate and I once enjoyed: 12 hour working days,
　　 pressured deadlines, the fearful strain of office politics and the limitations
　　 of being a parent on “quality time”。(2001阅读5)
　　【结构分析】本句主干在句首，Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life…，life由两个定语从句修饰，分别为Kelsey used to advocate和I once enjoyed。由于在从句中，关系代词指代先行词the kind of life分别作两个从句中各自谓语used to advocate和enjoyed的宾语，因此关系代词被省略。冒号后为the kind of life 的具体内容，是由四个并列短语构成的。
　　【参考译文】没有什么能说服我回到那种凯尔茜曾倡导、我也曾钟爱的生活中去：每天12小时的工作日，压得人喘不过气来的最后期限，可怕而紧张的办公室权力斗争，为人父母的“最佳时间”的限制。
　　【真题例句】Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the
　　 pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering, to the extent
　　 that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse”。(2002阅读4)
　　【结构分析】本句主干为Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain，其中pain后的定语从句“their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering”中省略了关系代词“that/which”(该关系代词指代先行词pain，在从句中作be suffering 的宾语)。句末的不定式to the extent that…作目的状语，其中that引导同位语从句(参见同位语从句)，解释说明extent。