2)If that's the case you’ll have to work harder. (如果真是那样,你得更加努力。)
3)Don't worry too much about it, it is a light case of flu. (别担心,只是轻度流感。)
4)The police are studying the murder case. (警察正在研究这起谋杀案。)
a case in point (恰当的例子)
a case of honor (荣誉攸关的问题)
a civil (criminal) case (民事/刑事诉讼)
a case of life and death (生死攸关的事情)
a hard case (棘手的事情)
in any case (无论如何)
in case (假使;以防)
in the case of (就…来说)
just in case (以防万一)
11.popularity n. 普及,流行;名望,受欢迎
popular adj. 普遍的;多数人喜爱的;大众的
1)He was amazed at the popularity of table-tennis when he first came to China.(他第一次来中国时惊异于乒乓球运动的普及。)
2)The new president achieved great popularity. (新任总统深得人心。)
3)Books on popular science are selling well. (科普书籍销得很好。)
4)He is popular among young students. (他深受青年学生的欢迎。)
12.classification n. 分类;分级
classify v. 把…分类
1)There are different opinions about the classification of a particular word.(对某一特定的词的分类有不同的看法。)
2)They classified the books according to their contents. (他们根据内容把图书分了类。)
在英语中有不少以-fy为后缀的动词,其名词形式常以-ation为后缀,如:
purify-purification
qualify-qualification
simplify-simplification
identify-identification
13.convenient adj. 方便的
inconvenient adj. 不方便的
convenience n. 方便
1)If it is convenient for you, please inform me of the case as soon as possible.(如果于你方便的话,请把案情尽早告诉我。)
2)Your visit caused him great inconvenience. (你的来访给他带来极大的不便。)
3)I appreciate the convenience of living near the office. (我喜欢住处离办公室近这点方便。)
14.avoid v. 避免,避开
1)You should avoid being late for the meeting. ( 你应该避免开会迟到。)
2)We should avoid making the same mistake. (我们应该避免犯同样的错误。)
15.presence n. 出席,到场
present adj. 出席的;当前的 n. 礼物 v. 呈献;送
1)We shall be greatly honored to have your presence. (你如能出席,我们将荣幸之至。)
2)He felt shy to speak in the presence of a large audience. (在众多人前讲话他感到难为情。)
3)All the students are present today. (今天,所有的学生都到堂了。)
4)He is talking about the present situation. (他正在谈当前的形势。)
5)He's father gave him a lovely birthday present. (父亲给了他一个可爱的生日礼物。)
6)He presented his teacher with a book he wrote. (他送给老师一本自己写的书。)
本课主要词缀
Affixation (词缀法)
1.形容词后缀-ed (多接于名词之后,表示“具有…”,“充满…”的意思)
learned, cultivated, educated, elevated
2.名词后缀-ion,-ation
possession, classification, misconception, cultivation
3.名词后缀-ance
acquaintance, importance
Unit9(第26讲-第28讲)
本课简介
在learned words and popular words这篇课文中,作者对学术词汇和普通词汇进行了定义。讲述了两类词汇之间的差异,并且指出把词分为学术的和普通的方便而且有道理。但是人们必须注 意,把普通词汇理解为属于大众所有的词,而不是某个特定阶层的人们所拥有的东西。学术词汇也并非有学问之人专用,只是它的存在是由于书籍和文学的培养而不 是日常会话的实际需要。
本课主要语言点
1.In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, make up the whole vocabulary.
class在本句中的意思是“种类”,相当于type, category.如:
1)It is very difficult to meet the needs of various classes of readers.(要满足各种读者的需要十分困难)
2)How many classes are you going to divide these books? (你打算把这些书分成几类?)
class 还常用来表示“等级”,如:a second-class hotel (二等旅馆);
an economy-class ticket (经济舱票);fly first class (乘头等舱航空旅行)。
class 也可以用动词用,意思是“把 …分类;把…看作”,如:
1)At 19 you are still classed as a teenager.(到了十九岁,你仍旧是青少年。)
2)He was classed as a genius (他被看作为天才)
make up 在本句中的意思是“组成、构成”,请看例句:
1)Twenty-six boys and twenty-four girls make up the class (二十六名男生和二十四名女生组成了这个班)
2)Twelve doctors made up the medical team (十二名医生组成医疗队)
用被动语态时则应用be made up of,如:
This engine is made up of 490 parts (这台发动机是由四百九十个部件装配而成的)
taken together 过去分词短语做后置定语,对中心词做一些附加说明,相当于一个非限定性定语从句,要用逗号和中心词隔开,如:
All the letters in the drawer, written in pencil, are from my brother.(抽屉里的这些用铅笔写的信都是我弟弟写的。)
2.First, there are those words with which we become familiar in ordinary conversation, which we learn, that is to say, from the members of our own family and from our friends, and which we should know and use even if we could not read or write.
句子中which引导的都是定语从句,修饰中心词words.第一个which的前面有介词with, 这儿的with是familiar with中的介词前置了。Familiar with 意为“熟悉”。如:Are you familiar with the man standing over there?(站在那边的那个人你熟悉吗?)
请注意familiar with 与familiar to 的区别,familiar with 的主语通常是人,而familiar to的主语通常是物。如:
1)I am not familiar with this place.
2)This place is mot familiar to me.
that is to say 是插入语,其作用是对整个一句话进行解释,类似的插入语还有so to speak, if I may say so, if you don't mind等等,如:
1)I'd really rather not go, if you don’t mind 我确实不想去,你如果不介意的话。
2)The new emperor was, so to speak, a puppet.新皇帝可以说是个傀儡。
3.They concern the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of who speak the language concern 在句中的意思是“涉及,有关于”,如:
1)Don't interfere in things that don’t concern you (别干预跟你无关的事)。
2)The energy problem concerns us all (能源问题关系到我们每个人)
stock的意思很多,如“存货”,“股票”,“公债券”,“牲畜”等。
1)They hold a rich stock of information (他们掌握着丰富的材料)
2)You cannot buy it because it's out of stock (你买不成了,货品已经脱销)
3)He used to have a stock farm (他曾经拥有一个畜牧场)
4)The fridge was carefully stocked up with food.(冰箱里周到地放满了食品)
stock in trade 也可以写成stock in trade,意思是“例行工作”,“常规”,如:
1)Complaints were a stock in trade of an airport manager's job (机场经理的工作就是常常面对投诉)
2)He was the master of black humor, it was his stock in trade (他是黑色幽默大师,黑色幽默是他的专长)
4.Such words may be called “popular”, since they belong to the people at large and are not the possession of a limited class only.
since 在句中引导的是一个原因状语从句,请看例句:
1)Since it was Saturday, he got up very late (因为是周六,他起床很晚。)
2)You can take the place of him since he is not interested (你可以取代他,因为他对这事不感兴趣)
at large 在本句中的意思是“整个”,这个词组的意思还有很多,请看下面的句子:
1)The people at large love peace (大多数人热爱和平)
2)The virus is still at large (这种病毒还在蔓延)
3)The murderer is still at large (杀人犯仍逍遥法外)
4)He talked at large about his plans (他详尽地谈了自己的计划)
5)They made the arrangements at large (他们随意地做了安排 )
5.请注意区别与possession 有关的两个词组:in possession of sth……和 in the possession of sb.
1)He is in possession of this house (他拥有这所房子)
2)The house is in the possession of him
3)On the other hand, our language includes large number of words which are relatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.
责任编辑:小草