19、
5.To get a good night’s rest，people may not need to ___.
6.Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to___.
7. One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night，unable to___.
8. One survey showed that people who habitually ___each night have a higher risk of dying.
A fall asleep again .
B become more energetic the following day
C sleep less than 7 hours
D confirm those serious consequences
E suffer sleep problems
F sleep more than 8 hours
标准答案： F,E,A,C
解析：5.F.分析：根据搭配结构need to do sth.判断所有选项都在语法上合适。借助搭配句意：“为了获得晚上好的休息，人们没有必要。。”判断F(睡眠超过8小时)。
6.E.分析：借助搭配句意：“睡眠时间长的人根据报道更有可能。。”，并结合文章主题—睡眠时间长不是好事情，判断E合适。也可借助文章中的相关内容(利用题干中的Long sleepers和more likely 作为答案线索)：KriDke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours.
7.A. 分析：借助搭配句意：“其中的一个睡眠问题是在午夜醒来，不能。。”，直接判断A(再次入睡)合适。
8. C.分析：借助搭配句意：“一项调查显示那些习惯性每晚...的人有更高的死亡风险。”
20、
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第1篇
Study says dogs can smell cancer
Dogs are known for their sense of smell. They can find missing people and things like bombs and illegal drugs. Now a study suggests that the animal known as man’s best friend can even find bladder cancer.
Cancer cells are thought to produce chemicals with unusual odors. Researchers think dogs have the ability to smell these odors, even in very small amounts, in urine. The sense of smell in dogs is thousands of times better than in humans.
The study follows reports of cases where, for example, a dog showed great interest in a growth on the leg of its owner. The mole was later found to be skin cancer.
Carolyn Willis led a team of researchers at Amersham Hospital in England. They trained different kinds of dogs for the experiment. The study involved urine collected from bladder cancer patients, from people with other diseases and from healthy people.
Each dog was tested eight times. In each test there were samples for the dogs to smell. The dog was supposed to signal the one from a bladder cancer patient by lying down next to it.
Two cocker spaniels were correct fifty-six percent of the time. But the scientists reported an average success rate of forty-one percent.
As a group, the study found that the dogs chose the correct sample twenty-two out of fifty-four times. That is almost three times more often than would be expected by chance alone.
The British Medical Journal published the research. In all, thirty-six bladder cancer patients and one hundred eight other people took part.
During training, all the dogs reportedly even identified a cancer in a person who had tested healthy before the study. Doctors found a growth on the person’s right kidney.
Baldder cancer is the ninth most common cancer worldwide. The International Agency for Research on Cancer says this disease kills more than one hundred thousand people each year. Doctors say cigarette smoking is the leading cause of bladder cancer.
1. Where was the experiment conducted?
A. In a private home
B. In a training school
C In a hospital
D In a police station
2. What was the dogs’ average success rate
A. 56% B. 41% C. 22% D. 54%
3. How many people took part in the experiment?
A. 36 bladder cancer patients.
B 144 cancer patients
C 108 healthy people
D. 144 sick and healthy people
4. What happened to a person who had tested healthy before the study?
A. He dropped out
B. B He died
C He was found to have cancer.
D He was found to have one kidney
5. Which is NOT true of bladder cancer?
A. It is the 9th most common cancer worldwide.
B It can be identified only by dogs
C It kills more than 100,000 people each year.
D. It is mainly caused by smoking
标准答案： C,B,D,C,B
解析：阅读理解题解题步骤：
1.了解文章主题：借助文章标题，借助文章各段落的段首句， 借助文章的用词(注意文章中是否有反复出现的词汇或结构，因为它们往往是文章的核心词)了解文章的主题，文章主要涉及的内容。
2.如果文章内容与考生已有的背景知识有关，可借助常识和背景知识对被选项进行首次筛选， 然后再利用“问题句新信息词/结构定位法”解题。 即利用题干中的核心词/特征词(请参看“阅读判断”部分的相关介绍)作为寻找答案的线索，在文章中快速找到答案相关句，确认答案。
3.如果考生对文章内容不熟悉，没有这方面的背景知识，可直接采用“问题句新信息词/特征词定位法”。 有时还可以借助被选项中的核心词/特征词作为答案线索在文章中对应的查找与被选项内容相关的语句，确认答案。
Study says dogs can smell cancer
1. C。 解析：问题问“在哪里完成的实验?” 利用问题句中的细节信息词(experiment)作为答案线索， 被选项也都涉及具体细节信息， 因此也共同利用它们作为答案线索，在文章中查找答案相关句：
The study follows reports of cases where, for example, a dog showed great interest in a growth on the leg of its owner. The mole was later found to be skin cancer.
(第4段)Carolyn Willis led(领导) a team of (一组)researchers(研究者) at Amersham Hospital in England(英格兰). They trained(训练) different (不同的)kinds (种类)of dogs for the experiment(实验). The study involved (包括，涉及到)urine(尿) collected(收集， 聚集) from bladder (膀胱)cancer patients(病人), from people with(患有。。的) other(其他的) diseases(疾病) and from healthy (健康的)people.
答案相关句出现在第4段：Carolyn Willis领导一组研究工作者在英格兰的Amersham医院工作。 他们为这个实验训练了各种各样的狗。根据这两个句子可知： Carolyn Willis领导的研究小组是在Amersham医院进行实验， 因此答案是C。
2.B. 解析： 问题问“狗的平均成功率是多少?”被选项中全是特征词—数字， 因此利用被选项中的这些数字作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
(第6段)Two cocker spaniels (短腿长毛小猎犬)were correct(正确的) fifty-six percent of the time(次， 时间). But the scientists (科学家)reported(报告) an average success rate of forty-one percent.
As a group, the study found that the dogs chose the correct sample twenty-two out of fifty-four times. That is almost three times more often than would be expected by chance alone.
答案相关句出现在第6段， 该句说“但是科学家报告平均成功率是41%” ，虽然该句没有说是否是狗的平均成功率， 但是该句前句提到“两只短腿长毛小猎犬每次的正确率是56%”， 根据相临语句句意相关， 判断答案相关句中提到的41%也应该属于狗的正确率， 因此答案是B。
3. D。解析： 问题问“有多少人参加实验?”被选项中都出现了特征词—数字， 所以利用这些特征词作为答案线索， 查找与这些被选项分别呼应的句子：
(第8段)The British(英国的) Medical (医学的)Journal (杂志)published(出版， 刊登) the research(研究). In all(总之), thirty-six bladder(膀胱) cancer patients and one hundred eight other people took part.
答案相关句出现在第8段： 该句说“总共有36名膀胱碍患者和108名其他的人参与了。”该句的前一句说“英国医学杂志刊登了这项研究”， 相临语句句意相关， 因此答案相关句中提到的“参与”， 就是“参与”前句中提到的“研究(实验)”， 因此D是答案。
4. C。 C是答案， 因为其涉及文章主题词(癌症)。 答案相关句在第9段。
(第9段)During training, all the dogs reportedly(据报道) even identified (识别， 鉴别)a cancer in a person who had tested healthy before the study. Doctors found a growth(生长， 种植， 发育) on the person’s right(右侧的， 正确的， 恰当的， 健康的) kidney.
5. 答案： B。 违背常识， 所以肯定错误， 也肯定与膀胱癌的情况不一致。 答案相关句在文章最后一段：
During training, all the dogs reportedly even identified a cancer in a person who had tested healthy before the study. Doctors found a growth on the person’s right kidney.
Baldder cancer is the ninth most common(常见的) cancer worldwide(在全世界范围)(与A一致). The International(国际的) Agency(机构) for Research(研究) on Cancer says this disease(疾病) kills (杀死)more than one hundred thousand people each year. (与C一致)Doctors say cigarette smoking(吸烟) is the leading (主要的， 领导的)cause(烟瘾) of bladder cancer.(与D一致)
21、 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
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