2008年6月大学英语六级写作范文背诵四-大学英语六级考试-优易学

2008年6月大学英语六级写作范文背诵四

来源：优易学 2011-2-15 14:26:38 【优易学：中国教育考试门户网】资料下载外语书店

Passage 10
　　很多人都认为那些身处象牙塔的大学生们过得很安逸，其实不然。他们每天也要面临着很多压力：高额学费带来的经济压力，父母要求过高所带来的精神压力…
　　College Pressure
　　I see two kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure. It is easy to look around for rebels — to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the parents for pushing them too far. But there are no rebels, only victims．
The pressure is heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know incalculable students whose inquiring minds cheer me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I dont know if they are getting A or C, and I dont care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax, but they can＇t．
　　Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy. Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to increase to 5, 000 in loans after graduation．Encouraged at commencement to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning①?
Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure. Inevitably, the two are deeply integrated．
　　Poor students! They are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean well: they are trying to steer their sons and daughters toward a secure future. But the sons and daughters want to major in history or classics or philosophy—subjects with no “practical” value. Wheres the payoff on the humanities? Its not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field.
　　Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by an indirect route, to their surprise, after many roundabout ways. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not preplanned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail．
［391 words］

　　本文脉络清晰。第一段第一句直接点题，提出大学生面临的两种压力：economic pressure和 parental pressure。段末“victims”一词的运用，奠定了本文的感情基调：作者对大学生担负的压力感到同情。
　　第二段和第三段中分析了大学生在经济上面临压力的原因。第四段是过渡段。第五段阐述了父母的压力对大学生的影响，用一个感叹句开头，具有烘托感情的效果,充分表达了作者对大学生的同情。最后一段排比句的应用从相反的方面描述，更把大学生所遭受的压力凸显出来。

　　大学生的压力
　　我发觉今天的大学生有两种压力：经济压力和来自父母的压力。环顾四周，你很容易发现一些叛逆者，他们指责学校收费太高，报怨父母对他们的要求过高。但他们不是叛逆者，而是受害者。
　　对于那些只想从大学毕业并且找到一个工作的人来说，压力是很大的。如果我是雇主，我宁愿雇佣那些有好奇心的博学之才而不是那些只选一些容易过的且能达高分的课程的学生。我认识无数学生，他们的好奇之心使我兴奋不已。我喜欢听他们阐述自己的观点。我不知道他们得的是A还是C，我不在乎这些。我也同样喜欢他们所散发出来的人性魅力。国家需要他们，他们也会找到自己满意的工作。我告诉他们要放松，但他们做不到。
　　但我也不能责怪他们，因为他们生活在残酷的经济时代。今天对一个学生来说，即使他在念书时兼职打工，在暑假全职工作，在毕业后欠下５０００美元的债务也是很平常的。在毕业典礼上他们被告知即将踏入社会，而事实上，在踏入社会之际他已落后于他人了。为了面对这个清算日，他们在大学生活中怎会感受不到压力呢?
　　与经济压力同时存在的还有来自父母的压力，这两者不可避免地融合在一起。
　　可怜的学生们!他们被古老的爱、责任、负疚感所包围。父母们本意是好的,他们正把自己的儿女引向一个安全的未来。但这些孩子却想主修历史、古典文学、哲学这些没有“现实”价值的专业。学人文科学的报偿在何处呢?要说服父母相信人文科学有所报偿并不容易。由学习历史和古典文学所培养出来的能力正是商业及其他一般领域有创造力的领导人所必备的能力。
　　幸运的是，许多学生几经曲折终于到达他们自己的领域，对此他们感到吃惊。因为他们很难想象可以从事一项未经事先计划的事业，很难想象上帝之手或者机缘能把他们推到未曾预见到的人生轨道上来。

rebel          n.反叛分子，反对者
victim          n.牺牲品，受害者
curiosity     n.好奇(心)
brutal　              a.残忍的,无情的，冷酷的
commencement          n.①开始②毕业典礼，学位授予典礼
reckoning          n.结算，清算
inevitably          ad.不可避免地
steer             vt.引导
faculty             n.能力，技能，天赋
roundabout    a.绕道的，绕圈子的
conceive      vi.(of)构想出，设想
nudge         vt.用肘轻推，推进
①【注释】a day of reckoning 得到惩罚的日子
【临摹】Youre enjoying yourself now, but a day of reckoning will come.别看你现在逍遥，将来会遭报应的。佳句临摹

No sweet without sweat. 先苦后甜。
Pain past is pleasure. 过去的痛苦就是快乐。

Passage 11
　　考试，作为检验教育结果的一种手段，已经存在了数千年。它简直无处不在，无时不有…
　　Examinations Exert a Negative
　　Influence on EducationWe might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a persons knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were. It is really extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examinations. For all the pious claim that examinations test what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite. They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell you nothing about a persons true ability and aptitude.
　　As anxiety makers, examinations are second to none①. That is because so much depends on them. They are the mark of success or failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day. The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of sharp competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured. Can we wonder at the increasing number of dropouts: young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even begun a career②? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?
　　A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself. The examination system does anything but that. What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memories. Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming. The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under pressure.
［299 words］

　　本文是一篇典型的三段论文章。在第一段中，作者表明了自己的观点：考试不能说明一个人真正的能力和资质。第二段阐述了把考试作为检验成功与否的标准给学生带来的负面影响。第三段从教育的目的上说明考试根本不能训练人独立思维的能力。
　　文章每一段都有一定的特色。开头段用的是现象描述法，先概括文章内容涉及的现状，然后引出主题。中间段的末尾处接连用两个问句，引起读者关于考试弊端的思考。结尾段则用一组排比句：“...do not... but to...;...do not...but...，”来增强气势，突出强调考试的负面影响，深化了文章的主题。

　　考试对教育的负面影响
　　每一个学科领域所取得的进步都可能让我们称奇，然而用于测试一个人的学识和能力的方式却仍和从前一样原始。经过这么多年，教育者们仍没能创立出一种比考试更有效、更可靠的方法，这实在是不可思议。尽管有很多人虔诚地宣称考试可以测出你掌握的知识，却仍有这样一个共识，即考试所收到的效果往往与之相悖。考试或许是一种测验记忆力的好方法，或者是让人在极端压力下快速工作的诀窍, 但是它却一点儿也不能说明一个人真正的能力和才智。
　　考试作为“焦虑症制造者”是无人能及的。这是因为有那么多事情都依赖着考试。考试在我们的社会中是成功或失败的标志。在具有决定意义的某一天，你的一生可能就被决定了。一个孩子步入学校大门那一刻起，他便步入了一个竞争残酷的世界。在那里，成功和失败都被清晰地加以界定和衡量。辍学者的数量日渐增加——那些年轻人甚至还没有开始工作便被认为是彻底的失败者——对此，我们难道不感到惊奇吗?对学生的自杀率难道我们能无动于衷吗？
　　除了其他目的之外，良好的教育应该能训练人独立思维的能力。考试却根本做不到这一点。教学大纲生硬地规定了学生必须学些什么，这便鼓励了学生去死记硬背。考试不但未能激发学生去广泛地阅读，反而限制了他们的阅读范围。它不但未能促使学生去探求更多的知识，反而导致了死记硬背。最成功的应试者往往不是受教育最好的人，他们只不过是在应付工作压力的技巧方面训练有素罢了。

marvel      vi.(at)惊叹，赞佩
pious              a.虔诚的
aptitude      n.(学习方面的)才能，资质，天资
suicide      n.①自杀②自取灭亡
lay down 规定，制定
syllabus           n.课程大纲
induce      vt.引起，导致
cramming           n.突击式学习；填鸭式教学
①【注释】second to none 不亚于任何人或事物
【临摹】As a dancer, he is second to none.他的舞艺无人能出其右。
②【注释】write sb/sth off 认为某人或某事物已经失败
【临摹】He lost this match, but dont write him off as a future champion.他输了这场比赛，但不要以为他以后当不了冠军。佳句临摹

There are obviously two educations. One should teach us how to make a living and the other how to live. 教育显然有两种：一种是教人怎样谋生，另一种是教人怎样生活。
A fool can ask more questions than seven wise men can answer. 一愚发问，七智结舌。

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