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2009年自考英语(一)主要单词、句子及考点:unit13
来源:优易学 2011-6-17 14:04:23   【优易学:中国教育考试第一门户】   资料下载   学历书店


  9.possibility n. 可能性;可能的事
  Possibility是possible的名词形式,英语中有不少以-ible,-able为字尾的形容词,表示“有能力”,“易做”,“适合”,“足以做…”的意思,而这些形容词的名词通常以如下形式出现:
  possible——possibility responsible——responsibility
  probable——probability available——availability
  able——abilityfeasible——feasibility
  1)We must accept the possibility that we might be wrong.(我们必须接受这种可能性,即我们也许错了。)
  2)I am not sure if we have the possibility of success.(我不能肯定我们是否有成功的可能。)
  3)It is a possibility that he will get the job. (他有可能得到那份工作。)
  10.injury n. 损害,伤害
  1)Building workers risk injury by not wearing helmets.(建筑工人不戴安全帽便有受伤的危险。)
  2)He did not suffer any injuries in the accident. (他在事故中没有任何损伤。)
  3)The man got an injury to the head in the fight.(在打斗中那个人头部受伤。)
  injure是injury的动词形式,请注意区别damage,wound,hurt和injure这几个 词。Damage指损害某物。wound指人在战斗,攻击中身体受伤,出现明显的伤口。Hurt,injure指人在平时或事故中受伤,还表示伤害感情自 尊等。hurt更表示有强烈的疼痛感。如:
  1)The boat was seriously damaged in the storm. (那条船在风暴中严重受损。)
  2)The soldier was badly wounded. (那个士兵受了重伤。)
  3)He injured his leg in an accident. (在一次事故中,他的腿受了伤。)
  4)I fell off my bicycle and hart my arm. (我从自行车上摔下来,摔伤了胳膊。)
  5)I didn't mean to hart your feelings. (我本无意伤害你的感情。)
  11.complex adj. 复杂的     n. 综合体;情绪;夸大的情绪反应
  1)What he said was too complex for me to understand. (他说的太复杂了,我不理解。)
  2)This is a complex problem. (这是个复杂的问题。)
  3)There will be an industrial complex in our province. (我们省将有一个大工业中心。)
  4)He has a complex about bugs. (他对小虫子有病态恐惧。)
  12.professional adj. 职业的,专业的       n. 自由职业者,专业人员
  1)We need to have some professional advice. (我们需要职业性的指导。)
  2)He is a professional basketball player. (他是职业篮球运动员。)
  3)The band consists of a professional and three amateurs. (这支乐队由一名职业乐师和三名业余人员组成。)
  4)He is a professional at his job. (他是一个精通本职工作的人。)
  profession 名词,意思是“职业”。如:
  1)He decided on teaching as his profession. (他决定从事教书工作。)
  2)He is a carpenter by profession. (他以木工为业。)
  What's your father’s profession? (你父亲是从事什么工作的?)
  13.ignorance n. 无知,愚昧;不知
  1)Some animals have been wiped out through ignorance. (有些动物由于人们的无知而灭绝了。)
  2)It might be better to keep her in ignorance of what has happened. (不让她知道发生了什么事也许更好。)
  ignorant是形容词,意思是“无知的,没有学识;不知道的”。如:
  1)She was ignorant about these people. (她对这些人全然不了解。)
  2)His parents were kept ignorant of the fact that he failed in the exam.(关于他考试又不及格这件事他父母还蒙在鼓里。)
  3)How can you believe such an ignorant person?(你怎能相信这样一个无知的人?)
  14.opposite adj. 对面的;相反的      n. 对立面
  1)He lives in the house opposite to ours. (他住在我们对面的那所房子里。)
  2)She burst into the room through the opposite door. (她从对面的那扇门冲进房间。)
  3)The result was opposite to what we had expected. (结果和我们所期望的相反。)
  4)You are active, she is the opposite. (你很活泼,她正相反。)
  5)Our view is the opposite of yours. (我们的意见与你们的相反。)
  6)He sat opposite to her. (他坐在她对面。)
  7)There was an explosion opposite. (对面发生了爆炸。)
  Unit13(第38讲-第40讲)
  15.effective adj. 有效果的,有成效的
  1)We have to take effective measures to control pollution. (我们得采取有效措施控制污染。)
  2)I hope the medicine can be effective. (我希望这药有效。)
  本课简介
  态度友善、衣着得体、热切助人的保险代理人的来电或造访常令美国人不安,甚至戒备,这是为什么呢?本文作者列举了美国人不愿谈论保 险的三个原因。其一是保险昂贵,各类保险成了大多数美国家庭的一大花费;其二是保险总令人想到自己生活于其中的世界充满了不安全因素。人们得面对疾病、伤 害、死亡、经济损失等种种不幸;其三是保险是一个困难而复杂的问题,能完全弄明白这个问题的人少而又少,掩饰无知的方式是避免谈论。然而,这正是由于上述 三个原因,人们有必要对保险问题多多了解,才能成为明智的消费者,才能理智地正视保险问题,才能避免成为“保险盲”。
  本课主要语言点
  1. Yet few Americans really enjoy visiting with these eager, helpful men and women.
  在前一单元中,我们已讲到过few 通常否定,意思是“很少的,几乎没有的”,本句中的few 同样表示否定意味。
  动词enjoy 的后面跟名词或者动名词,不能跟动词不定式,如:
  1)He enjoys classical music. (他喜欢古典音乐。)
  2)She enjoys going to concerts. (她喜欢赴音乐会。)
  3)Painting is something that Mary really enjoys doing. (画画是玛丽真正喜欢做的事。)
  visit with 是美国用法,意思是“访问;在…处做客、逗留”,如:
  1)She will come and visit with you for a few weeks. (她会来你这儿做客住上几个星期的。)
  2)He hasn't visited with his uncle since 1990. (他从1990年至今没有拜访过他叔叔。)
  eager 是一个形容词,通常用于词组 be eager to do sth.
  1)They are eager to get the information. (他们急切地想得到那信息。)
  2)The little boy was eager to tell his parents that he won the first prize.(那个小男孩急切地想告诉父母他得了一等奖。)
  2.We are on guard when they visit our homes.
  guard 这个词既可做名词用,也可做动词用。做名词用时,意思是“看守;守卫;警惕;”做动词用时,意思是“保卫,保护;看守。”
  1)He works as a door guard for that company. (他在那家公司做门警。)
  2)They will give him an armed guard. (他们会给他配备一队武装卫兵。)
  3)I was immediately on guard when father mentioned that incident. (父亲提起那件事,我就立刻提防起来。)
  4)Police were sent to guard his house. (警察被派去守卫他的房子。)
  5)She had been locked in her room and guarded day and night. (她被锁在房间里日夜看守着。)
  6)The old man told his son to guard against conceit. (那位老人嘱咐他的儿子谨防骄傲。)
  3.Three reasons why we are unwilling to discuss insurance can be suggested.
  本句的主要成份是:Three reasons can be suggested. Why引导的是一个定语从句,修饰reasons.如:
  1)The reason why she refused my help is unknown. (没人知道她拒绝我的帮助的原因。)
  2)The room where Mary used to live has been painted blue. (玛丽曾经住过的那个房间已被漆成了蓝色。)
  3)The day when John came was cold. (约翰来的那天很冷。)
  4. In effect, they pay as much for the insurance as they do for the car itself.
  in effect 意思是“实质上;实际上”,如:
  1)They have in effect been severely punished. (他们实际上已受到严厉惩罚。)
  2)In effect, she has no choice. (实际上她没有选择。)
  3)What in effect I'm saying is that he couldn’t keep his promise. (我实质上要说的是,他不可能信守诺言。)
  请注意pay和spend两个动词的用法:
  1)He paid 100 yuan for that used bicycle. (他出100元买那辆旧自行车。)
  2)He spent 100 yuan on that used bike.
  5. Insurance also reminds us that we live in an unsafe world.
  在词汇部分,我们已讲过remind这个词的词意及用法,再巩固一下:
  remind sb. of sth.
  1)I remind him of his promise. (我提醒他许下的诺言。)
  2)Her smile reminds me of her mother.(她的微笑使我想起了她的母亲。)
  remind sb. about sth.
  1)Don't forget to remind him about the meeting. (别忘记提醒他开会的事。)
  2)He called to remind me about the return ticket. (他打来电话提醒我回程票的事。)
  remind sb. to do sth.
  1)Remind me to turn off the computer. (提醒我关电脑。)
  2)Mother reminded him to air the quilt when it is fine. (母亲提醒他天气好时晒晒被子。)

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