（三）检测考生对由各种词类构成的词组及短语的认知与运用的能力
英语中词组及短语的构成是一种极为复杂的语言现象，如动词 +副词，动词+介词，动词+名词+介词；名词+介词，形容词+介词，介词+名词+介词等等。考生在平时的学习中应注意积累，因为这些词组我们一般无法从字面意义上来猜测它们，这样就增加了试题的难度，只有熟悉它们才能在考试中应付裕如。请看下列例题：
(1). The _________ with the project in spite of the difficulties in the course.
A. carried off B. carried out C. carried on D. carried forward
【答案】C
【解析】本题中A项为“获得, 成功对付”之意，B为“贯彻，实施”，D意为“发扬”，惟有C项能与介词with连用，表示“继续进行”，故选项C为正确选项。
(2). Of course, the children look unhealthy. Their mother can’t afford to _________ them ________ decent meals, not to speak meat and fish regularly.
A. fed ... on B. feed ... on C. grew ... on D. grow ... on
【答案】B
【解析】该题中B项意为“靠 … 为食，喂养”，是一个固定词组的搭配形式。
(3). During the past few years the prices have __________ by nearly 10%.
A. gone up B. grew up C. got up D. put up
【答案】A
【解析】本题中所给的四个选项的含义分别为：A“上升”，B为“成长”，C为“起床，起来”，D为“搭建”，根据题干意思“在过去的几年里，物价上涨了10%”，故选项A为正确答案。
(4). Yesterday night we had several guests visit us, we had to __________ until 3.
A. put up B. set up C. sat up D. stayed up
【答案】D
【解析】题干后四个短语的含义分别为：A “搭建，建造”，B 为“竖立, 架起”，C 为“坐起, 端坐”，D“熬夜”。故而D符合题意。
(5). Mrs. Smith went on a diet and in two months ___________ her weight to 100 pounds.
A. brought out B. brought off C. brought down D. brought up
【答案】C
【解析】本题的四个词组意义分别为：A “出版, 生产”，B “救出, 完成”, C “降低”, D “教育, 培养”，根据句子意思“史密斯夫人正在减肥，两个月体重降至100磅”，C项为正确答案。
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