3.A. 本题测试点：词义推断题。 根据“put it down to”所在的上下文判断： it指代“巴西在控制人口方面所取得的骄人成绩”， 下文中提到“电视剧，分期付款在控制人口出生率上起着重要的作用”， 因此只有选项A(归因于)放入原文才句意通顺。
4.B. 问题句说“肥皂剧有助于巴西降低人口增长， 其原因是...”。从句意来看，该问题与文章中具体细节相关， 属于细节题。利用问题句中的细节信息词Soap operas作为答案线索， 在文章中查找答案相关句：
Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas(通俗电视连续剧) and installment(分期付款)plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Global, Brazil’s most popular television network shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soap operas are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
“Although they(指代soap operas) have never really tried to work in a massage towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values – not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working, says Martine.”They(指代soap operas) sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”
划线句是直接答案相关句，这两个句子说“尽管这些肥皂剧从来无意干涉人口繁殖， 它们只是描写了中上层阶级的生活价值观 – 少生孩子，独特的性别观念， 妇女在外工作。 肥皂剧传播着这些信息， 使人们逐渐认识，理解了另一种生活方式， 人生观。这种生活方式，人生观队他们极有吸引力。”因此B是答案。
5.B. 问题句说“Martine对巴西人口增长得出的结论是...”。 顺着上一题在文章中的答案位置往下查找答案相关句， 同时利用特征词Martine作为答案线索：
Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor the become consumers. “This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible(不相容的)with unlimited reproduction.”says Martine.
答案相关句(划线句)说“这就导致了消费方式的巨大变革， 而无限制生育与消费是互不相容的”， 该句句意与B(对消费的渴望有助于减少出生率)一致。
第五部分：补全短文(每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。
Single-parent Families
Today we tell about the major change in the American family. It is the increase in the number of families with only one parent.
__1__. One of the reasons for this is the increasing number of women who have children without being married. The United States Census Bureau recently released a new report on the situation.__2__. It said 24 percent of them had at least one child. Almost 4 million unmarried women in the United States are mothers. This is an increase of almost 60 percent in the past 10 years.
__3__. In the past, women were expected to marry and remain home with their children. They depended on their husbands to earn money to support the family. Experts say women were pushed into marriage by many parts of American society.__4__.
__5__. They say American women have fewer economic reasons for marrying than they did years ago. This is because more women work outside the home today than in the past, and there is less of difference between the earnings of men and women in the United States. Other experts believe there is social and cultural explanation for the increase in unmarried mothers in America. One explanation is that the woman’s rights movement gave many women a new feeling of independence. Another explanation is the society is more willing to accept unmarried mothers than it did in the past. Unmarried mothers and their children no longer live in shame.
A. About 22 percent of American children now live with only one parent.
B. Experts have tried to explain the reasons for the increase.
C. The report included women between the ages of 18 and 44 who have never been married.
D. Experts say this is not true today.
E. A woman’s family expected her to be married, so did religious groups, customs and laws.
F. There has been much debate in the United States about the single-parent family.
标准答案：A,C,B,E,D
解 析：1.A. 空格后面在解释原因(出现这种情况的一个原因是有越来越多的未婚妈妈)， 由此判断空格前很可能是对某种现象(“未婚妈妈越来越多”造成的现象)， 因此A(在美国大约有22%的孩子生活在单亲家庭里)是答案。
2.C.选项C中的the report正好与空格前的a report呼应， 选项C(报告涉及到年龄再18岁到44岁之间从未结过婚的妇女)在句意上也与空格前句内容衔接。
3.B. 选项B中的the increase与空格前句(上一段最后一句)中的an increase呼应， 空格后面的句子是在分析原因， 因此B(专家们一直在试图解释造成这种增加的原因)是答案。
4.E. 空格前句说“专家们说在过去美国社会的很多因素迫使妇女结婚”， 这是一个观点句，因此其后面很可能应该出现解释性的话语，而E正好是在解释， E说“在过去， 美国妇女的家庭希望她结婚， 社会上的宗教群体，习俗和法律也希望妇女结婚”。而且E与空格前句的时态也一致。
5.D.空格所在的段落是在讲述现在的情况， 从过去情况的讲述转变到对现在情况的描述， 这两者之间需要出现一个起着承上启下的过渡句，D正好起着这样的作用。
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