5. Altogethe, the students in Ms. Tarnowski s Milton Elementary School class collected more aluminum cans than did the students in any of the school s other classes Therefore, the Milton student who collected the most aluminum cans was in Ms Tarnowski s class
Which one of the following arguments contains flawed reasoning that is most paralled to that in the argument above?
(A) Altogether, more trees were planted by the students in Mr Kelly s class than were planted by those in Mr Liang s class and Mr Jackson s class combined Therefore. Mr Kelly s students planted more trees than Mr Jackson s students planted
(B) More than half of Milton Elementary School s students play in the band and more than half of the school s students sing in the choir Therefore, every student at Milton Elementary School either plays in the band or sings in the choir
(C) Mr Rowe s Milton Elementary School class raised more money by selling candy bars than Ms Hunt s class raised by holding a raffle. Therefore, the number of candy bars sold by Mr Rowe s class was greater than the number of raffle tickets sold by Ms. Hunt s class
(D) The total number of tickets to the school fair sold by the students in Ms. Ramirez s Milton Elementary School class was greater than the number sold by Milton students from any other class. Therefore, the Milton student who sold the most tickets to the school fair was a student in Ms Rairez s class
(E) Ms. Ventura s Milton Elementary School class assembled more birdhouses than did any of the school s other classes. Since Ms Ventura s class had fewer students than any other Milton class, her students assembled more birdhouse on average than did the students in any other Milton class
6. Several excellent candidates have been proposed for the presidency of United Wire and each candidate would bring to the job different and experience If the others are compared with Jones however it will be apparent that none of them has her unique set of qualifications Jones therefore is best qualified to be the new president of United Wire
The argument is vulnerable to criticism on the ground that it
(A) uses flattery to win over those who hold an opposing position
(B) refutes a distorted version of an opposing position
(C) seeks to distinguish one member of a group on the basis of something that applies to all
(D) supports universal claim on the basis of a single example
(E) describes an individual in terms that appropriately refer only to the group as a whole
7. A neighborhood groupp plans to protest the closing of the neighborhood s only recreation center on the grounds that to do so would leave the neighborhood without local access to a recreation center "Our neighborhood already has the most residents per center of any neighborhood in the city" complained one resident, "and closing this center would make the situation unacceptable since access to recreational facilities is a necessity for this neighborhood"
Each of the following if true weakens the resident s argument EXCEPT
(A) A large number of the neighborhood s residents are unable to travel outside their locality to gain access to recreational facilities
(B) Children, the main users of recreational facilities make up a disproportionately small segment of the neighborhood s population
(C) Often the recreation center in the neighborhood is open but not being used.
(D) Programs that are routinely filled at other recreation centers must be canceled at the ngighborhood s recreation center due to lack of interest
(E) As people become more involved in computers and computer games recreation centers are becoming increasingly less important
8. Sociologist: The claim that there is a large number of violent crimes in our society is false, for this claim is based upon the large number of stories in newspapers about violent crimes. But since violent crimes are very rare occurrences, newspapers are likely to print stories about them.
The sociologist s argument is flawed because it
(A) presupposes that most newspaper stories are about violent crime
(B) presupposes the truth of the conclusion it is attempting to establish
(C) assumes without warrant that the newspaper stories in question are not biased
(D) mistakes property of each member of a group taken as an individual for a property of the group taken as a whole
(E) uncritically draws an inference from what has been true in the past to what will be true in the future
9. Historian Anyone who thinks that the terrors of the ancient rgeime of Q were exclusively the work of fanatics is overlooking a basic truth the regime was made up primarily of ordinary people enthusiasically seeking paradist. The regime executed many people in pursuit of its goal. but it later became clear that paradise as they defined it, is unrealizable So at least some of the ordinary people of Q were in fact murdreers
Which one of the following principles, if valid, provides the most support for the historian s argumentation?
(A) The pursuit of paradise does not justify murder
(B) The pursuit of paradise justifies fanaticism
(C) Execution in pursuit of what is later found to be unattainable constitutes murder
(D) Fanaticism in pursuit of paradise constitutes inhumanity
(E) Enthusiasm in pursuit of what is eventually found to be unattainable constitutes fanaticism
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