2. Pandas are rapidly disappearing from the wild. Therefore, in order to preserve the species, existing pandas should be captured and placed in zoos around the world.
Which of the following, if true, casts doubt on the conclusion drawn above?
A) When in captivity, pandas typically produce more young than they do in their native habitat
B) Newborn pandas in zoos are not likely to die from infectious diseases, whereas newborn pandas in the wild are likely to die from these diseases.
C) Sufficient quantities of bamboo, the panda’s only food cannot be made available outside the panda’s native habitat.
D) Many zoos are eager to increase their stock of rare and exotic animals, but there are not enough pandas for all the zoos that want one.
E) Pandas in zoos have as many offspring that survive to adulthood as do pandas in the wild.
3. Over the past fifteen years, the largely urbanized Northeastern United States has shown more and more the influence of the Southwestern portion of the county. Once, very few people in New York City could be found sorting cowboy boots and Stetson hats, and no major radio station boasted twenty-four-hour-a-day programming of country and western music. The latest development is the rapid proliferation of restaurants serving chili, nachos, burritos, and other Tex-Mex dishes.
The passage above makes which of the following assumptions?
A) The lifestyle of people in the Northeast has been enriched by the influence of the Southwestern states.
B) Most residents of the Southwestern states regularly eat at Tex-Mex restaurants.
C) Over the last fifteen years, residents of the Southwestern United States have increasingly adopted lifestyles similar to those of the Northeast.
D) Tex-Mex dishes are an element of the regional cuisine of the Southwestern states.
E) People in the Northeastern United States eat out more frequently than they did fifteen years ago.
4. Popular culture in the United States has become Europeanized to an extent unimaginable twenty-five years ago. Not many people then drank wine with meals, and no one drank important mineral water. No idea would have been more astonishing than that Americans would pay to watch soccer games. Such thoughts arise because of a report that the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials has just adopted a proposal to develop the country’s first comprehensive interstate system of routes for bicycles.
Which of the following inferences is best supported by the passage?
A) Long-distance bicycle routes are used in Europe.
B) Drinking imported mineral water is a greater luxury than drinking imported wine.
C) United States culture has benefited from exposure to foreign ideas.
D) Most Europeans make regular use of bicycles.
E) The influence of the United States on European Culture has assumed unprecedented proportions in the last twenty-five years.
5. “On the whole,” Ms. Winson remarked, “engineering students are lazier now than they used to be. I know because fewer and fewer of my students regularly do the work they are assigned.”
The conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following assumptions?
A) Engineering students are working less because, in a booming market, they are spending more and more time investigating different job opportunities.
B) Whether or not students do the work they are assigned is a good indication of how lazy they are.
C) Engineering students should work harder than students in less demanding fields.
D) Ms. Winson’s students are doing less work because Ms. Winson is not as effective a teacher as she once was.
E) Laziness is something most people do not outgrow.
6. The average life expectancy for the United States population as a whole is 73.9 years, but children born in Hawaii will live an average of 77 years, and those born in Louisiana, 71.7 years. If a newlywed couple from Louisiana were to begin their family in Hawaii, therefore, their children would be expected to live longer than would be the case if the family remained in Louisiana.
Which of the following statement, if true, would most significantly strengthen the conclusion drawn in the passage?
A) As population density increases in Hawaii, life Expectancy figures for that state are likely to be revised downward.
B) Environmental factors tending to favor longevity are abundant in Hawaii and less numerous in Louisiana.
C) Twenty-five percent of all Louisianaians who move to Hawaii live longer than 77 years.
D) Over the last decade, average life expectancy has risen at a higher rate for Louisianaians than for Hawaiians.
E) Studies show that average life expectancy for Hawaiians who move permanently to Louisiana is roughly equal to that of Hawaiians who remain in Hawaii.
7. A conservation group in the United States is trying to change the long-standing image of bats as frightening creatures. The group contends that bats are feared and persecuted solely because they are shy animals that are active only at night.
Which of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the accuracy of the group’s contention?
A) Bats are steadily losing natural roosting places such as caves and hollow trees and are thus turning to more developed areas for roosting.
B) Bats are the chief consumers of nocturnal insects and thus can help make their hunting territory more pleasant for humans.
C) Bats are regarded as frightening creatures not only in the United States but also in Europe, Africa, and South America.
D) Raccoons and owls are shy and active only at night; yet they are not generally feared and persecuted.
E) People know more about the behavior of other greatly feared animal species, such as lions, alligators, and snakes, than they do about the behavior of bats.
8. In the aftermath of a worldwide stock-market crash, Country T claimed that the severity of the stock-market crash it experienced resulted from the accelerated process of denationalization many of its industries underwent shortly before the crash.
Which of the following, if it could be carried out, would be most useful in an evaluation of Country T’s assessment of the causes of the severity of its stock-market crash?
A) Calculating the average loss experienced by individual traders in Country T during the crash.
B) Using economic theory to predict the most likely date of the next crash in Country T.
C) Comparing the total number of shares sold during the worst days of the crash in Country T to the total number of shares sold in Country T just prior to the crash.
D) Comparing the severity of the crash in Country T to the severity of the crash in countries otherwise economically similar to Country T that have not experienced recent denationalization.
E) Comparing the long-term effects of the crash on the purchasing power of the currency of Country T to the immediate, more severe short-term effects of the crash on the purchasing power of the currency of Country T.
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