9. Increase in the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the human bloodstream lower bloodstream-cholesterol levels by increasing the body’s capacity to rid itself of excess cholesterol. Levels of HDL in the bloodstream of some individuals are significantly increased by a program of regular exercise and weight reduction.
Which of the following can be correctly inferred from the statement above?
A) Individuals who are underweight do not run any risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream.
B) Individuals who do not exercise regularly have a high risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream late in life.
C) Exercise and weight reduction are the most effective methods of lowering bloodstream cholesterol levels in humans.
D) A program of regular exercise and weight reduction lowers cholesterol levels in the bloodstream of some individuals.
E) Only regular exercise is necessary to decrease cholesterol level in the bloodstream of individuals of average weight.
10. Meteorite explosions in the Earth’s atmosphere as large as the one that destroyed forests in Siberia, with approximately the force of a twelve-megaton nuclear blast, occur about once a century. The response of highly automated systems controlled by complex computer programs to unexpected circumstances is unpredictable.
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn, if the statements above are true, about a highly automated nuclear-missile defense system controlled by a complex computer program?
A) Within a century after its construction, the system would react inappropriately and might accidentally start a nuclear war.
B) The system would be destroyed if an explosion of a large meteorite occurred in the Earth’s atmosphere.
C) It would be impossible for the system to distinguish the explosion of a large meteorite from the explosion of a nuclear weapon.
D) Whether the system would respond inappropriately to the explosion of a large meteorite would depend on the location of the blast.
E) It is not certain what the system’s response to the explosion of a large meteorite would be, if its designers did not plan for such a contingency.
11. The cost of producing radios in the Country Q is ten percent less than the cost of producing radios in Country Y. Even after transportation fees and tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company to import radios from Country Q to Country Y than to produce radios in Country Y.
The statement above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?
A) Labor costs in Country Q are ten percent below those in Country Y.
B) Importing radios from Country Q to Country Y will eliminate ten percent of the manufacturing jobs in Country Y.
C) The tariff on a radio imported from Country Q to Country Y is less than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Y.
D) The fee for transporting a radio from Country Q to Country Y is more than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Q.
E) It takes ten percent less time to manufacture a radio in Country Q than it does in Country Y.
12. Which of the following best completes the passage below?
At a recent conference on environmental threats to the North Sea, most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent.
What must, of course, be shown, in order to avoid excessively restrictive controls, is that_________________.
A) any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay.
B) any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage.
C) the countries favoring uniform controls are those generating the largest quantities of effluents.
D) all of any given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the North Sea at present.
E) environmental damage already inflicted on the North Sea is reversible.
13. As soon as any part of a person’s conduct affects prejudicially the interests of others, society has jurisdiction over it, and the question of whether the general welfare will or will not be promoted by interfering with it becomes open to discussion. If a person’s conduct does not affect prejudicially the interests of others, it should not come under the jurisdiction of society in the first place.
The author in the passage above argues that
A) society is independent of the actions of individuals
B) the general welfare of a society is promoted when a person’s conduct benefits others.
C) conduct that does not infringe on the interests of others should not be under the jurisdiction of society.
D) interference with the actions of individuals does not enhance the general welfare.
E) in general, the interests of persons are mutually exclusive.
14. A milepost on the towpath read “21”on the side facing the hiker as she approached it and “23” on its back. She reasoned that the next milepost forward on the path would indicate that she was halfway between one end of the path and the other. However, the milepost one mile further on read “20” facing her and “24” behind.
Which of the following, if true, would explain the discrepancy described above?
A) The numbers on the next milepost had been reversed.
B) The numbers the mileposts indicate kilometers, not miles.
C) The facing numbers indicate miles to the end of the path, not miles from the beginning.
D) A milepost was missing between the two the hiker encountered.
E) The mileposts had originally been put in place for the use of mountain bikers, not for hikers.
15. A program instituted in a particular state allows parents to prepay their children’s future college tuition at current rates. The program then pays the tuition annually for the child at any of the state’s public colleges in which the child enrolls. Parents should participate in the program as a means of decreasing the cost for their children’s college education.
Which of the following, if true, is the most appropriate reason for parents not to participate in the program?
A) The parents are unsure about which public college in the state the child will attend.
B) The amount of money accumulated by putting the prepayment funds in an interest-bearing account today will be greater than the total cost of tuition for any of the public colleges when the child enrolls.
C) The annual cost of tuition at state’s public colleges is expected in the cost of living.
D) Some of the state’s public colleges are contemplating large increases in tuition next year.
E) The prepayment plan would not cover the cost of board and lodging of the state’s public colleges.
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