26. What is said about the average American in the passage?
A) They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of “light” beer.
B) They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.
C) They prefer “light” beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and food.
D) They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.(B)
本题问材料中关于一般美国人有何说法。
A, 他们倾向于夸大淡爽啤酒的健康作用。
B, 他们通常忽视身体锻炼在减肥上的作用。
C, 与其他饮料和食品相比,他们更喜欢淡爽啤酒和低卡路里的面包。
D, 他们知道哪种因素在减肥中扮演了积极的角色。
这道题的题干看似十分宽泛,需要读完一定的段落后综合考虑才能解答,但实际上并不复杂,只是对单句的考查而已。因为这是第一道题,它的答案只要到第一段的前半部分寻找就可以了。题目中的关键词是average American,在第一段中提到这个词的一句是——that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to “light” beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion。这里的that message(那一信息)肯定应该在前一句,也就是Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight.(锻炼是对长期保持体重起积极作用的少有因素之一)。词组has not gotten through to指的是“在……中并不流行”,这里的意思就是那一信息对于一般美国人来说并没有受到重视。
Who引导了一个从句,是对一般美国人的描述。这里使用了would rather ……than(宁可,也不)句型,意思是美国人宁可把兴趣投向淡爽啤酒和低卡路里面包,也不增加身体锻炼。
四个选项中,B的意思很显然符合文意。A的说法在这个句子中没有给出,C的说法应该把其他饮料和食品改成“身体锻炼”,D的说法与B正好相反。
27. Some people dislike exercise because ________.
A) they think it is physically exhausting
B) they find it hard to exercise while on a diet
C) they don’t think it possible to walk 3 miles every day
D) they find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome(B)
题目问有些人不喜欢锻炼身体是因为什么。
A,他们认为锻炼太耗费体力。
B,他们发现节食的同时进行锻炼太辛苦了。
C,他们认为每天步行3英里是不可能实现的。
D,他们发现参考卡路里消耗表非常麻烦。
材料内第二段专门对有些人不喜欢锻炼的原因进行了说明。主要有二句话。第一句:some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts,这句话的意思是“卡路里消耗表会使有些人非常泄气”,后面给出了原因,即锻炼消耗的卡路里太少。由此看来,并不是他们觉得参考卡路里消耗表麻烦,D的说法不对。第二句借专业人士之口说出了原因:Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight。Tough这个词强调艰苦、艰难性,也就是说用锻炼来减肥太过于艰难了。与前面消耗卡路里的说法结合起来就是:因为锻炼消耗的卡路里非常少,所以要想减肥的话,锻炼的投入要非常大才能起到效果。这样B就是对的。如果问“节食的同时”在第二段没有提到,可以参看前面的全文分析,整篇材料所指的锻炼减肥就是在节食的基础上进行的锻炼减肥。
A的说法也不对,如果锻炼如此耗费体力,那么它的效果一定就会非常明显了,相信人们就会趋之若鹜了。实际情况与此相反,锻炼消耗的卡路里非常少。C的说法在材料里不能体现。
28. “Even exercise professionals concede half a point here” (Line 3, Para. 2) means “They ________”.
A) agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exercise
B) partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reduction
C) are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain one’s new weight
D) are not sufficiently informed of the positive role of exercise in losing weight(B)
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