【真题例句】Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability。(2009-49)
【结构分析】本句句首部分即为Since引导的原因状语从句，since our chief business with them is to…，其中表语部分由不定式短语充当。主句部分为we cannot help considering…，consider的宾语部分由whether or not引导的名词性从句充当，其中又包含一个which引导的限制性定语从句which will secure this ability修饰先行词powers。
【参考译文】既然我们的主要任务在于使年轻人参与共同生活，我们禁不住考虑我们是否在形成获得这种能力的力量。
注意：for作为连词，后面的句子为并列分句，不是从句。在其前面经常出现逗号，对上文的情况加以解释(参见并列平行结构章节)。
(五)条件状语从句
该类从句连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。
1.if引导真实条件句
【真题例句】And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber。(2005阅读1)
【结构分析】此句为复合句。逗号前为if引导的条件状语从句，主句中第二个or并列两个谓语refused to accept 和 tossed 构成的主干the other either tossed her own token, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber。
【参考译文】如果一只猴子完全不需要用她的代币交换就可以得到葡萄的话，那么另一只猴子就会将代币扔向研究人员或扔出房间外，或者拒绝接受黄瓜片。
2.if引导非真实条件句
【真题例句】If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class。(2001阅读3)
【结构分析】if引导非真实条件句，从句采用if+did，与现在相反，主句为would do形式。其中now focused narrowly on race and gender我们可以理解为分词后置作定语，全句主干部分为it would open up its diversity program…and look for reporters…，其中reporters后又跟who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词reporter，关系代词who在从句中作主语。
【参考译文】假如新闻界注意到了这一问题(参见前文)，就应该开办多样化项目——现在项目狭隘地局限于种族和性别，并且寻找世界观、价值观、教育程度和社会阶层大不相同的各类记者。
【真题例句】If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line。(2003阅读3)
【结构分析】if引导非真实条件句，从句采用if+did，与现在相反，主句为would do形式。they argue为插入语，分隔了从句与主句。主句中，主语shippers后又who引导的定语从句，关系代词who在从句中作主语。句子末尾leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line为分词结构所作的伴随状语。
【参考译文】他们辩称，如果铁路公司向所有客户收取同样的均价，一些即可以选择通过卡车又可以选择其他运输方式的人就会选择卡车或其他的运输方式运货，而由剩余的客户来承担铁路正常运作的开销。
【真题例句】In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”—and if I had to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity”。(2005-50)
【结构分析】句首部分为介宾所作的状语，主句为it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语的it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”。破折号后if引导非真实条件句，从句采用if+did，与现在相反，主句为would do形式，对前部分补充说明。
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