关于缺乏对文章整体理解的问题
•考生通过速读全文可以把握文章发展的基本思路，为下一步解题确定语境线索。
•完形填空所选短文一般无标题，文章的第一句话往往是引领全文的主题句，或者引出主题思想的相关内容，是了解文章全貌的“窗口”。
•如果第一段第一句话很容易看懂，看完第一句话便可以迅速往下看。要是第一句话费解，不容易看懂，那么不妨看其他段落的首句，以及最后一句，以便能对全文做出大致的推测，心中有一个做题的方向。
•然后，迅速浏览全篇，不为空白处纠缠，捕捉文章的中心。这期间，需要根据上下文，有时还要参照各选项所提供的信息，进行理解。如果是故事性文章，时间、地点、人物就是关键词；抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索，就能理解全文。
•若是论述文，主题句，拓展句的识别十分重要，其中表达前后逻辑关系的连接性的词是理解全篇的重要线索。
•由于短文中抽空达到10个，失去信息较多，如果考生浏览后不清楚其主题脉络，也不必为此过多担心，至少浏览一遍后有了一个初步印象，为后面做题和逐步理解创造了条件。
前面谈到完形填空题要从整体理解，是就命题的初衷而言，也是一种理想的做题方法，要求应试者的英语水平跟得上。而从临场经验和考生得分来看，整体理解只是与一部分题目直接相关，尤其是语义逻辑题，这类题的解题方法，我们在第三节中有专门讨论。
•事实上还有很多题不需要太远的上下文，甚至依靠本题所在句子作参照就可以解答，尤其是词汇语法题。这对于许多基础不好的考生来说，值得注意。
•我们以下面一篇试题为例作分析。
• The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is 1 the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of 2 breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often, careless use of words 3 a meeting of the mind of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may 4 unfavorable reactions in the listener 5 interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.
• 6 , inaccurate or indefinite words may make 7 difficult for the listener to understand the 8 which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in working vocabulary may be 9 to explain or describe in a 10 that can be understood by listeners.
1. [A] of [B] at [C] for [D] on
2. [A] inaccessible [B] timely [C] likely [D] invalid
3. [A] encourages [B] prevents [C] destroys [D] offers
4. [A] pass out [B] take away [C] back up [D] stir up
5. [A] who [B] as [C] which [D] what
6. [A] Moreover [B] However [C] Preliminarily [D] Unexpectedly
7. [A] that [B] it [C] so [D] this
8. [A] speech [B] sense [C] message [D] meaning
9. [A] obscure [B] difficult [C] impossible [D] unable
10. [A] case [B] means [C] method [D] way
•本文首句The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. 提出了全篇要讨论的话题。接着，文章讨论了说话时选词的重要性，适当的选词可以消除交流过程中的出现的障碍，而粗心的、不准确的用词则会阻碍说话双方的思想交流，甚至引起听话人的不快，考试，大祝你好运。
•由以上实例分析我们看到，相当多的题目无须联系全篇就能解决，过多联系上下文反而耽误时间。所以考生不必因为没弄清文章整体大意而惴惴不安，影响做题。当然，事先了解文章大意不论是对做语义逻辑题还是词汇语法题都是有帮助的，但前提是不能在理解上花费太多的时间，毕竟这不是阅读理解题。
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