2．直接解题： 1. According to (根据)the passage, in operating airlines it is essential （重要的，本质的）to ___.
A. keep in mind (记住)the need of the executives (行政主管)only.
B. Satisfy(满足) the need of the low fare(费用) passengers at the expense of （在损害..的情况下）the executives
C. Try to attract(吸引) as many passengers as possible (尽可能...的)by reducing fares
D Cater to (满足)the need of passengers sitting at both ends of jets(飞机).
答案：D.
分析: 借助常识可以直接排除A(只记住行政主管的需要)和B(在损害行政主管利益的情况下满足低票价乘客的需要), 利用题干中出现的修饰词essential作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：（第2段）Operating a major（较大的；主要的） airline is essentially （本质上， essential的副词形式）a matter （事情，问题）of finding the right mix （组合）of passengers. 该句说“经营以家较大的航空公司从本质上说就是找到合适的乘客组合的问题” 。接下来的句子说“ The airlines need to fill up （填满）the back of their wide-bodied （宽机身的）jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting（忘记） that the front end should be filled with （装满了..）people who pay substantially (充分地) more for their tickets（航空公司应该在机身宽的飞机的尾部装满购买低价票的乘客,同时别忘了让支付了更高票价的乘客坐在飞机的前端）”. 该句暗示要满足各种乘客的需要.
2. The following are all mentioned as reasons why airlines are having a hard time(have a hard time: 遇到了困难) except that ___.
A. the tourist industry （旅游业）is experiencing （经历）an all-time （空前的）low低谷
B. there is no increase （增加）in the number of passengers
C. there are more seats on the planes than needed
D the competition （竞争）between airlines is strong（激烈的）
答案：A。
分析: 利用问题句中反映细节信息的短语结构have a hard time作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
（第3段）But low fares require （要求）consistently（一直） full aircraft to make flights economically （经济地）viable（可行的）, and in the recent recession（萧条） （与have a hard time呼应）the volume（量） of traffic（交通） has not grown.该句说“在最近的萧条期间，载客量没有增加” ，因此判断“乘客量没有增加”是造成航空空司经营困难的一个原因。
Equally the large number of airlines jostling for（为..而竞争） the available （可得到的）passengers has created a huge excess(过剩) of capacity(容量).
该句说“航空公司对乘客的争抢造成了大量容量的过剩”。
The net（最终的） result of excess capacity （运载量过剩）and cut-throat（激烈的） competition driving down （压低）fares had been to push（逼迫） some airlines into collapse （倒闭）and leave many others hovering（盘旋） on the brink（在边缘上）. 该句说“运载量的过剩和降低票价的残酷竞争逼迫一些航空公司倒闭了，而使其他更多的航空公司盘旋在濒临倒闭的边缘”，该句与C 和D 都呼应，只有A没有提到，因此A 是答案。
3. The improvements（改进） the airlines attempt at （努力（取得））include all the following except ___.
A. making their seats more comfortable
B. providing better food during flights
C. showing more movies during the long flights
D. offering sleeperettes（可卧座位） to first-class passengers
答案：C．
分析：利用问题句中的核心词（improvements）作为答案线索，因为被选项涉及到具体细节信息，所以还可以利用被选项中的细节信息词作为答案线索（A: more comfortable seats; B: better food; C: more movies; D: sleeperettes）, 这样在文章中找到答案相关句：
（第5段）High on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive’s time is money. In-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention. The free（免费的） drinks and headsets（耳机） and better food are all part of the lure（吸引（手段））.
该下一句的内容（another development）提示了“提供免费的饮料， 耳机和更好的食物是航空公司作出的一些改进工作”
（第6段）Another development has been the accent（重视） of seating arrangements. Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch– the amount of room between each passenger. And first-class passengers are now offered（提供） sleeperettes, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch（获得） a proper （适当的, 正确的） night’s sleep
该段段首句说“另一个改进在于对座位安排的重视”， 该句暗示前面所提到的“提供更好的食物”也是航空公司工作改进的一部份内容， 因此排除B。该段后面部分的划线句说“航空公司给头等舱的乘客提供可卧座位，可卧座位很受欢迎”， 因此判断“可卧座位”和“使作为舒适”也是航空公司工作改进的内容， 因此排除A和D. 接下来的段落在内容上涉及到“地面服务（（第7段段首句）The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground）”， 所以答案相关句就应该出自第5段和第6段，这两个段落中唯有“电影”这方面的信息没有提到，所以C 是答案。
4. There is not much the airlines can do when it comes to（当涉及到...） ___.
A. making sure (确保) the departure (出发,离开)are not delayed(延迟, 延期)
B. the efficient (有效的)handling (处理)of luggage(行李)
C. speeding up (加速)customs procedure(通关手续)
D. the improvement of the condition(条件) of waiting lounges(休息室)
答案：C．
分析：问题问“在...方面航空公司无法做更多的工作?”这个问题涉及到的内容恰巧和上一问题涉及到的内容形成对比,因此判断该问题的答案相关据应该顺着上一题的答案位置查找, 同时利用被选项中涉及到的具体细节信息结构座位答案线索(A: departure; B: handling of luggage; C: customs procedure; D: waiting lounges) , 这样在文章中找到答案相关句：
（第7段）The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. Executive lounges （执行休息室）are commonplace（平常的） and intended to （致力于...）make the inevitable （不可避免的）waiting between flights a little more bearable（可以忍受的）. Luggage handling is being improved. Regrettably(遗憾地), there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring(令人厌烦的) immigration(移民入境) and customs （通关）process, which manages to upset(使心烦) and frustrate(使沮丧) passengers of all classes in every continent.
该段中提到“作为改进内容之一的乘客休息室已经是随处可见，行李业务也得到了改进，但是各个航空公司还是几乎无法做到加速移民入境和通关”， 因此判断C 是答案。
5. Which of the following is a bad habit of the executive passengers that frustrates（使沮丧） the airlines?
A they do not book （预定）their seats in advance（提前）
B. they do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take（be supposed to ../应该）
C. they do not travel on the flight they have booked
D. they do not pay in advance for the seats they book.
答案：C．
分析：问题句中出现了反映细节信息的结构“a bad habit of the executive passengers”， 利用这个结构作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：
（最后一段）Although it is the airlines’ intention to attract executive passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless（虽然如此） like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler – the expensive（代价很高的） habit of booking（预定） a flight（航班） and then failing to（没有） turn up(出现，卷起).
该段中的答案相关据明确地说明了乘客的坏习惯：预定了航班却不乘坐。 所以C（他们不乘坐已经预定好的航班）是答案。Passage
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