surging—— To increase suddenly. Used of electric current or voltage猛增=accelerating
surpass—— To be or go beyond， as in degree or quality; exceed胜过=exceed， outrun
sustain—— To keep in existence; maintain继续生存;维持=maintain
sustenance—— Something， especially food， that sustains life or health营养物，尤指食物=fare Food and drink; diet食物和饮料
Means of livelihood生计=livelihood
supplement——Something added to complete a thing， make up for a deficiency， or extend or strengthen the whole补充物，用来完成某事、补充不足、扩展或加强=extension
An addition that increases the area， influence， operation， or contents of something扩大
supreme——Greatest in importance， degree， significance， character， or achievement最重要的=outstanding
succinct——Characterized by clear， precise expression in few words; concise and terse简明的=concise
sufficient——Being as much as is needed充足的=adequate
sumptuous——Of a size or splendor suggesting great expense; lavish豪华的;花费奢侈的=luxurious
substantial——Considerable in importance， value， degree， amount， or extent有重大价值的=considerable Worthy of consideration; significant重要的
substitute——One that takes the place of another; a replacement代用品=replacement， in place of代替
subsidize——To assist or support with a subsidy以津贴补助=finance To supply funds to给…提供资金
subtle——So slight as to be difficult to detect or analyze; elusive纤细的，细小的=slight
submit——提出，提交=present提出;呈递
subsidy——Monetary assistance granted by a government to a person orsgroupsin support of an enterprise regarded as being in the public interest补助金=financing融通资金
subject to ——在……条件下;易受……的侵袭;受控制=expose to， susceptible to
stretch——A continuous or unbroken length， area， or expanse连续不断的长度，地区或空间=span The extent or measure of space between two points or extremities， as of a bridge or roof; the breadth跨度两点或两端间的空间
strike——To engage in a strike against an employer罢工=walkout
To come to; attain来到;到达= make contact with
striking—— Arresting the attention and producing a vivid impression on the sight or the mind.惹人注目的=prominent Immediately noticeable; conspicuous显眼的
stringent—— Imposing rigorous standards of performance; severe严格的=strict
stimulus—— Something that incites or rouses to action; an incentive激发物=motivate
strain ——To pull， draw， or stretch tight拉紧=tension The act or process of stretching something tight拉紧
stationary—— Not capable of being moved; fixed不能被移动的;固定的=fixed， immobile
status——Position relative to that of others; standing地位=standing
sticky——shavingsthe property of adhering or sticking to a surface; adhesive粘的=adhere， cement
staple—— A basic or principal element or feature主要成分，基本成分=basic element
squirt—— To issue forth in a thin forceful stream or jet; spurt喷=spurt out v.喷出
staggering—— Causing great astonishment， amazement， or dismay; overwhelming令人大为吃惊、惊讶或沮丧的;使束手无策的=overwhelming
spur—— To incite or stimulate刺激，鞭策=stimulate
speculate about—— To assume to be true without conclusive evidence推测=hypothesize To assert as a hypothesis假设
spinal——Of， relating to， or situated near the spine or spinal cord; vertebral脊柱的=backbone
spark—— To set in motion; activate发动;触发=bring about引起;致使;造成;达成
spawn—— To give rise to; engender造成;使产生=create
solemn—— Deeply earnest， serious， and sober庄严的，极认真的，严肃的=serious
slope——declivity A downward slope， as of a hill斜坡
smother—— To suffocate (another)使窒息=eliminate To get rid of; remove消灭;消除
snap—— To pull apart or break with a snapping sound折断=break
signify—— To denote; mean表示…的意思=denote
simultaneously——同时存在[发生]地=concurrently同时发生的，并存的;合作的
skepticism—— A doubting or questioning attitude or state of mind; dubiety怀疑态度=doubt
shield—— To protect or defend with or as if with a shield; guard保护、防卫=protect
secrete—— To conceal in a hiding place; cache躲藏=produce??
责任编辑：mman
