5. A recent report determined that although only three percent of drivers on Maryland highways equipped their vehicles with radar detectors， thirty-three percent of all vehicles ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were equipped with them. Clearly， drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are drivers who do not.
The conclusion drawn above depends on which of the following assumptions？
（A） Drivers who equip their vehicles with radar detectors are less likely to be ticketed for exceeding the speed limit than are drivers who do not.
（B） Drivers who are ticketed for exceeding the speed limit are more likely to exceed the speed limit regularly than are drivers who are not ticketed.
（C） The number of vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit was greater than the number of vehicles that were equipped with radar detectors.
（D） Many of the vehicles that were ticketed for exceeding the speed limit were ticketed more than once in the time period covered by the report.
（E） Drivers on Maryland highways exceeded the speed limit more often than did drivers on other state highways not covered in the report.
6. Researchers have found that when very overweight people， who tend to have relatively low metabolic rates， lose weight primarily through dieting， their metabolisms generally remain unchanged. They will thus burn significantly fewer calories at the new weight than do people whose weight is normally at that level. Such newly thin persons will， therefore， ultimately regain weight until their body size again matches their metabolic rate.The conclusion of the argument above depends on which of the following assumptions？
（A） Relatively few very overweight people who have dieted down to a new weight tend to continue to consume substantially fewer calories than do people whose normal weight is at that level.
（B） The metabolisms of people who are usually not overweight are much more able to vary than the metabolisms of people who have been very overweight.
（C） The amount of calories that a person usually burns in a day is determined more by the amount that is consumed that day than by the current weight of the individual.
（D） Researchers have not yet determined whether the metabolic rates of formerly very overweight individuals can be accelerated by means of chemical agents.
（E） Because of the constancy of their metabolic rates， people who are at their usual weight normally have as much difficulty gaining weight as they do losing it.
7. “Fast cycle time” is a strategy of designing a manufacturing organization to eliminate bottlenecks and delays in production. Not only does it speed up production， but it also assures quality. The reason is that the bottlenecks and delays cannot be eliminated unless all work is done right the first time.
The claim about quality made above rests on a questionable presupposition that
（A）any flaw in work on a product would cause a bottleneck or delay and so would be prevented from occurring on a “fast cycle” production line
（B） the strategy of “fast cycle time” would require fundamental rethinking of product design
（C） the primary goal of the organization is to produce a product of unexcelled quality， rather than to generate profits for stockholders
（D） “fast cycle time” could be achieved by shaving time off each of the component processes in production cycle
（E） “fast cycle time” is a concept in business strategy that has not yet been put into practice in a factory
8.Blood banks will shortly start to screen all donors for NANB hepatitis.Although the new screening tests are estimated to disqualify up to 5 percent of all prospective blood donors， they will still miss two-thirds of donors carrying NANB hepatitis. Therefore， about 10 percent of actual donors will still supply NANB-contaminated blood.
The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions？
（A）Donors carrying NANB hepatitis do not，in a large percentage of cases， carry other infections for which reliable screening tests are routinely performed.
（B） Donors carrying NANB hepatitis do not，in a large percentage of cases， develop the disease themselves at any point.
（C） The estimate of the number of donors who would be disqualified by tests for NANB hepatitis is an underestimate.
（D） The incidence of NANB hepatitis is lower among the potential blood donors than it is in the population at large.
（E） The donors who will still supply NANB-contaminated blood will donate blood at the average frequency for all donors.
9.A researcher discovered that people who have low levels of immune-system activity tend to score much lower on tests of mental health than do people with normal or high immune-system activity. The researcher concluded from this experiment that the immune system protects against mental illness as well as against physical disease.
The researcher's conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions？
（A） High immune-system activity protects against mental illness better than normal immune-system activity does.
（B） Mental illness is similar to physical disease in its effects on body system.
（C） People with high immune-system activity cannot develop mental illness.
（D） Mental illness does not cause people's immune-system activity to decrease.
（E） Psychological treatment of mental illness is not as effective as is medical treatment.
10.The program to control the entry of illegal drugs into the country was a failure in 1987. If the program had been successful， the wholesale price of most illegal drugs would not have dropped substantially in 1987.
The argument in the passage depends on which of the following assumptions？
（A） The supply of illegal drugs dropped substantially in 1987.
（B） The price paid for most illegal drugs by the average consumer did not drop substantially in 1987.
（C） Domestic production of illegal drugs increased at a higher rate than did the entry of such drugs into the country. （D） The wholesale price of a few illegal drugs increased substantially in 1987.
（E） A drop in demand for most illegal drugs in 1987 was not the sole cause of the drop in their wholesale price.
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