6. The average life expectancy for the United States population as a whole is 73.9 years, but children born in Hawaii will live an average of 77 years, and those born in Louisiana, 71.7 years. If a newlywed couple from Louisiana were to begin their family in Hawaii, therefore, their children would be expected to live longer than would be the case if the family remained in Louisiana.
Which of the following statement, if true, would most significantly strengthen the conclusion drawn in the passage?
A) As population density increases in Hawaii, life Expectancy figures for that state are likely to be revised downward.
B) Environmental factors tending to favor longevity are abundant in Hawaii and less numerous in Louisiana.
C) Twenty-five percent of all Louisianaians who move to Hawaii live longer than 77 years.
D) Over the last decade, average life expectancy has risen at a higher rate for Louisianaians than for Hawaiians.
E) Studies show that average life expectancy for Hawaiians who move permanently to Louisiana is roughly equal to that of Hawaiians who remain in Hawaii.
7. A conservation group in the United States is trying to change the long-standing image of bats as frightening creatures. The group contends that bats are feared and persecuted solely because they are shy animals that are active only at night.
Which of the following, if true, would cast the most serious doubt on the accuracy of the group’s contention?
A) Bats are steadily losing natural roosting places such as caves and hollow trees and are thus turning to more developed areas for roosting.
B) Bats are the chief consumers of nocturnal insects and thus can help make their hunting territory more pleasant for humans.
C) Bats are regarded as frightening creatures not only in the United States but also in Europe, Africa, and South America.
D) Raccoons and owls are shy and active only at night; yet they are not generally feared and persecuted.
E) People know more about the behavior of other greatly feared animal species, such as lions, alligators, and snakes, than they do about the behavior of bats.
8. In the aftermath of a worldwide stock-market crash, Country T claimed that the severity of the stock-market crash it experienced resulted from the accelerated process of denationalization many of its industries underwent shortly before the crash.
Which of the following, if it could be carried out, would be most useful in an evaluation of Country T’s assessment of the causes of the severity of its stock-market crash?
A) Calculating the average loss experienced by individual traders in Country T during the crash.
B) Using economic theory to predict the most likely date of the next crash in Country T.
C) Comparing the total number of shares sold during the worst days of the crash in Country T to the total number of shares sold in Country T just prior to the crash.
D) Comparing the severity of the crash in Country T to the severity of the crash in countries otherwise economically similar to Country T that have not experienced recent denationalization.
E) Comparing the long-term effects of the crash on the purchasing power of the currency of Country T to the immediate, more severe short-term effects of the crash on the purchasing power of the currency of Country T.
9. Increase in the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the human bloodstream lower bloodstream-cholesterol levels by increasing the body’s capacity to rid itself of excess cholesterol. Levels of HDL in the bloodstream of some individuals are significantly increased by a program of regular exercise and weight reduction.
Which of the following can be correctly inferred from the statement above?
A) Individuals who are underweight do not run any risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream.
B) Individuals who do not exercise regularly have a high risk of developing high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream late in life.
C) Exercise and weight reduction are the most effective methods of lowering bloodstream cholesterol levels in humans.
D) A program of regular exercise and weight reduction lowers cholesterol levels in the bloodstream of some individuals.
E) Only regular exercise is necessary to decrease cholesterol level in the bloodstream of individuals of average weight.
10. Meteorite explosions in the Earth’s atmosphere as large as the one that destroyed forests in Siberia, with approximately the force of a twelve-megaton nuclear blast, occur about once a century. The response of highly automated systems controlled by complex computer programs to unexpected circumstances is unpredictable.
Which of the following conclusions can most properly be drawn, if the statements above are true, about a highly automated nuclear-missile defense system controlled by a complex computer program?
A) Within a century after its construction, the system would react inappropriately and might accidentally start a nuclear war.
B) The system would be destroyed if an explosion of a large meteorite occurred in the Earth’s atmosphere.
C) It would be impossible for the system to distinguish the explosion of a large meteorite from the explosion of a nuclear weapon.
D) Whether the system would respond inappropriately to the explosion of a large meteorite would depend on the location of the blast.
E) It is not certain what the system’s response to the explosion of a large meteorite would be, if its designers did not plan for such a contingency.
11. The cost of producing radios in the Country Q is ten percent less than the cost of producing radios in Country Y. Even after transportation fees and tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company to import radios from Country Q to Country Y than to produce radios in Country Y.
The statement above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?
A) Labor costs in Country Q are ten percent below those in Country Y.
B) Importing radios from Country Q to Country Y will eliminate ten percent of the manufacturing jobs in Country Y.
C) The tariff on a radio imported from Country Q to Country Y is less than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Y.
D) The fee for transporting a radio from Country Q to Country Y is more than ten percent of the cost of manufacturing the radio in Country Q.
E) It takes ten percent less time to manufacture a radio in Country Q than it does in Country Y.
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