在这一讲中我们要继续向您介绍 World Trade Organisation, 世界贸易组织。
在以前的节目中我们为您介绍过世界贸易组织的前身是 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 关税及贸易总协定，英文简称是 GATT。它是在一九四七年由二十三个国家在日内瓦签签订的，后来发展到有一百多个成员国。
澳洲广播电台金融节目主持人巴里克拉克介绍了关贸总协成立后的几个回合谈判：
There were seven GATT negotiating rounds held throughout the 1950s, '60s and '70s, which helped free up international trade. But because of a revival of protectionism in the 1970s and '80s, problems began to develop.
The eighth and final GATT round, the Uruguay Round, took place against this background and in the more difficult international economic environment of the 1980s and '90s.
Many of the problems encountered during the Uruguay Round stemmed from an ambitious agenda, which sought to extend the GATT disciplines to areas such as trade in agricultural products and trade in services and intellectual property.
下面我们分段听一遍巴里克拉克的这段谈话和中文翻译：(英文略)
关贸总协在一九五十年代及六十和七十年代一共进行了七个回合的谈判。这些谈判有助于国际贸易的自由化。但是由于七十年代和八十年代保护主义重新抬头，问题开始出现。关贸总协的第八回合也是最后一个回合的谈判，即乌拉圭回合谈判，就是在这一背景下在一九八十年代和九十年代更为困难的国际经济环境中进行的。乌拉圭回合谈判中的许多问题都来自于雄心勃勃的谈判议程。这项议程要把关贸总协的规则延伸到农产品贸易、服务业及知识产权的贸易领域中。
下面我们把巴里克拉克的这段谈话的原文连起来听一遍。(略)
澳大利亚莫纳什大学亚太经合组织研究中心主任艾伦奥克斯利对乌拉圭回合贸易谈判作了进一步的介绍。他说：
It greatly expanded the scope of the GATT. In the past, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade had focused exclusively on world trade in goods. The Uruguay Round greatly extended the ambit of the coverage to include a new set of issues, services, and it brought intellectual property in.
A third, technical change is that it significantly expanded the completeness of the coverage of the GATT trade rules. There were new disciplines introduced on subsidies. So in fact by the time that round had finished, there was a more complete application of the principles of trade in goods which the original GATT had been designed to cover.
责任编辑：mman
