An adverb (avverbio) is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. In English, adverbs are often formed by adding the suffix -ly to adjectives: slowly, softly, surely. Adverbs often answer the question come? (how?), quando? (when?), or dove? (where?):
Luciano agisce lentamente. (Luciano acts slowly.)
Leonardo viene tardi. (Leonardo comes late.)
Usciamo adesso. (We're leaving now.)
Ci andiamo a giugno. (We are going there in June.)
In Italian, many adverbs are formed by adding the ending -mente to the singular feminine form of the adjective.
|
FORMING ADVERBS IN ITALIAN | ||
|
ADJECTIVE (GENERAL OR MASCULINE) |
ADJECTIVE (FEMININE SINGULAR) |
ADVERB |
|
felice |
felice |
felicemente (happily) |
|
lento |
lenta |
lentamente (slowly) |
|
stanco |
stanca |
stancamente (tiredly) |
If an adjective ends in -ale, -ile, or -are, the adverb is formed with the root of the adjective plus the ending -mente.
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FORMING ADVERBS FROM ADJECTIVES THAT END IN -ALE, -ILE, OR -ARE | ||
|
ADJECTIVE (GENERAL OR MASCULINE) |
ADJECTIVAL ROOT |
ADVERB |
|
esemplare |
esemplari- |
esemplarmente |
|
gentile |
gentil- |
gentilmente |
|
speciale |
special- |
specialmente |
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