Spot Dictation
文本
When Americans think about hunger, we usually think in terms of mass-starvation in far-away countries, but hunger too often lurks in our backyards. In 2006, 35.1million people, including 12.4million children in the United States did not have access to enough food for an active healthy life. Some of these individuals relied on emergency food sources and some experienced hunger. Although most people think of hungry people and homeless people as the same, the problem of hunger reaches far beyond homelessness. While the number of people being hungry or at the risk of hunger may be surprising, it is the faces of those hungry individuals that would probably most shock you. The face of hunger is the older couple who has worked hard for their entire lives, only to find their savings wiped out by unavoidable medical bills, or a single mother who has to choose whether the salary from her minimum wage job will go to buy food or pay rent, or a child who struggles to concentrate on his schoolwork because his family couldn’t afford dinner the night before. At December 2006 survey estimated that 48 percent of those requesting emergency food assistance, were either children or their parents. Children are twice as likely to live in households where someone experiences hunger and food insecurity than adults. One in ten adults compared to one in five children live in households where someone suffers from hunger and some food insecurity. Child poverty is more wide spread in the United States than in any other industrialized country. At the same time, the US government spends less than any industrialized country to pull its children out of poverty. We have long known that the minds and bodies of small children need adequate food to develop properly. But science is just beginning to understand the full extent of this relationship. As late as the 1980s, conventional wisdom held that only the most severe forms of malnutrition actually alter brain development. The latest empirical evidence however shows that even relatively mild under-nutrition produces cognitive imperiments in children which can last a life time.
解析 此段高口的Spot Dictation 整体难度较低，主题较为浅显易懂。
整段主要分为三个层次。
第一层主要说明饥饿问题存在于美国家庭。并非只有无家可归的人才生活在温饱线以下。第一层中出现的一些重点词有：mass-starvation in far-away countries（其他国家的普遍饥饿）；lurks in our backyards（躲在后院）；emergency food sources （紧急粮食救助）；far beyond homelessness（远不止无家可归的人群）
第二层列举了一些具体的情况，描绘出了一幅幅活生生的经济拮据，不足温饱的人们的生活状态。此部分的词汇十分简单，句子也非常好懂。
第三层所阐述的是美国的儿童饥饿问题也十分严重，甚至是工业国家中最为严重的，而政府在这一方面所拨的救助经却是微不足道的。在短文的末尾提到了饥饿问题、营养不良对孩子们的成长发育带来的永久性的影响。这一部分所出现的关键词组有：food insecurity （挨饿危机）；pull its children out of poverty（脱困）；severe forms of malnutrition（营养不良的严重情况）；cognitive imperiments （认知障碍）
Talks and conversations
Passage 1
M: Emily I know you’ve been the victim of a crime.
F: Unfortunately, yes. Once I was mugged by some young kids.
M: What happened?
F: I was going home late at night, and I couldn’t see a single person on the street. And it was winter, oh, it was so cold , so I had my scarf wrapped around my face. And suddenly I walked straight into three guys, they looked about 14 or 15. and they said something threatening, like give us all your money or I’m going to kill you. I’m looking at them, because they look so young, and I’m thinking what on earth are you doing? They said blablabla, and I said, “listen, it’s very cold, give me a second, I have to take off my gloves.”
M: You must be really scared
F: Well I opened my purse and all I have got is few dollars. I was so nervous and I say, “ here it is”, and they say “four dollars?” Yeah, it’s 4 dollars and they say “that’s all you have?”
M: So, so then what happened?
F: Well I gave them money, and i just went home, But I felt so bad when I was walking down the street. You know I really had mixed feelings about it. I wanted to say Guys what are you doing? You know, go home, you asre ruining your lifes. And I think why are those kids on the street doing things they are not supposed to do? Something stupid, really stupid. That could lead to something worse.
M: Why do you think Kids get involved in stealing?
F: I don’t know , I mean it was only four dollars, you look at kids getting involved in this kind of small crime , and you think who is responsible? I don’t know what they were doing out on the street at that time of night
M: Did you report the crime?
F: No, I didn’t. Kids like that don’t need prosecuting, they need parenting. They need someone to Put them on the right path, these kids really need, you know, help.
M: In what way?
F: Well, kids are so vulnerable. They have to have a lot of supervision. There are these kids hanging on the street doing things they are not supposed to do. I think if these kids have more self -esteem, they wouldn’t behave in that way. We have to find ways to help these kind of kids have good futures, then they wouldn’t commit crimes.
1.In what way has Emily been the victim of a crime?
2.At which of the following times did the crime occur?
3.What amount of loss did she suffer in the crime?
4.What did she do after the crime occurred?
5.What did she think about those who committed the crime?
责任编辑：wangpeng6151
