Delphi:算术编码算法
来源:优易学  2011-10-10 10:13:42   【优易学:中国教育考试门户网】   资料下载   IT书店

  算术编码是把一个信源表示为实轴上0和1之间的一个区间,信源集合中的每一个元素都用来缩短这个区间。
  算术编码的过程如下:
  (1) 设定编码区间的高段为h,编码区间的长度为g,EndC为编码字符分配的高段,StartC
  为字符分配区间的低端。
  (2) 根据有限的信源估算出各元素的概率。
  (3) 杜宇编码的元素A1,根据(2)估算的概率和区间,计算出该元素编码后的新的l,和h。其公式如下:
  h = StartC + g* K;
  l = Endc + g* K1;
  其具体程序如下:
  const Ca = 0.2; Ce = 0.3;
  Ci = 0.2; Co = 0.2;
  Cu = 0.1;
  var
  Form1: TForm1;
  s: string;
  StartC, EndC: Extended;
  implementation
  {$R *.dfm}
  procedure ConvertTo(s: string; var StartC, EndC: Extended);{将字符串变为数值}
  var n, i: integer;
  c: char;
  g: Extended;
  begin
  StartC := 0;
  EndC := 1;
  n := Strlen(Pchar(s));
  for i := 1 to n do
  begin
  c := s[i];
  g := EndC - StartC;
  case C of
  \'a\':
  begin
  EndC :=StartC + g * Ca;
  StartC := StartC + g * 0;
  end;
  \'e\':
  begin
  EndC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce);
  StartC := StartC + g * Ca;
  end;
  \'i\':
  begin
  EndC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci);
  StartC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce);
  end;
  \'o\':
  begin
  EndC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci + Co);
  StartC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci);
  end;

 \'u\':
  begin
  EndC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci + Co + Cu);
  StartC := StartC + g * (Ca + Ce + Ci + Co);
  end;
  else
  begin
  Showmessage(\' 输入的字符串有误 \');
  exit;
  end;
  end;
  end;
  end;
  procedure NemuricalToStr(var s: String; var StartC, EndC: Extended);
  {将数值转换为字符串}
  const eps = -1e-5;
  begin
  if StartC-0.2 < -eps then
  if (EndC- 0.2<= -eps) and (EndC > StartC) then
  begin
  StartC := StartC / 0.2;
  EndC := EndC / 0.2;
  s := s + \'a\';
  if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then
  NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);
  end;
  if (StartC- 0.2 >= eps) and (StartC-0.5 < -eps) then
  if (EndC-0.5<= -eps) and (EndC>StartC) then
  begin
  StartC := StartC - 0.2;
  EndC := EndC - 0.2;
  StartC := StartC / 0.3;
  EndC := EndC / 0.3;
  s := s + \'e\';
  if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then
  NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);
  end ;
  if (StartC- 0.5>= eps) and (StartC- 0.7< -eps) then
  if (EndC-0.7<= -eps) and (EndC>StartC) then
  begin
  StartC := StartC - 0.5;
  EndC := EndC - 0.5;
  StartC := StartC / 0.2;
  EndC := EndC / 0.2;
  s := s + \'i\';
  if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then
  NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);
  end ;

 if (StartC-0.7 >= eps) and (StartC-0.9 < -eps) then
  if (EndC-0.9<=-eps) and (EndC>StartC) then
  begin
  StartC := StartC - 0.7;
  EndC := EndC - 0.7;
  StartC := StartC / 0.2;
  EndC := EndC / 0.2;
  s := s + \'o\';
  if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then
  NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);
  end ;
  if (StartC -0.9>=eps) and (StartC-1 < -eps) then
  if (EndC-1<= -eps) and (EndC>StartC) then
  begin
  StartC := StartC - 0.9;
  EndC := EndC - 0.9;
  StartC := StartC / 0.1;
  EndC := EndC / 0.1;
  s := s + \'u\';
  if (StartC <>0) or (EndC <> 1) then
  NemuricaltoStr(s,StartC,EndC);
  end;
  end;
  procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
  begin
  s := Edit1.Text;
  ConvertTo(s,StartC,EndC);
  Edit2.Text := FloattoStr(StartC);
  Edit3.Text := FloattoStr(EndC);
  end;
  procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
  begin
  s := \'\';
  StartC := StrToFloat(Edit2.Text);
  EndC := StrtoFloat(Edit3.Text);
  NemuricalToStr(s,StartC,Endc);
  Edit1.Text := s;
  end;
  end.

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