二、短对话的命题思路与解题技巧
短对话部分是日常生活中的一般对话，即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习等话题，可分为校园、公共场所、家庭等方面。对话部分常见的及应注意的题型有以下几种：
（一）地点类
人物的对话都是发生在一定的场合或地点，因此，关于地点或场合类的题目是常见的。那么考生一定要抓住对话中提到的一些词或内容来判断对话发生的地点或场合。这种题型既考查考生捕获细节的能力，又考其综合判断能力。
经典例题：
Where is the dialogue most likely taking place?
[A]In a post office [B]In a police station
[C] In a bank [D]In a restaurant
听力原文：
W: Tell me, Sergeant. Why did you wait three days before arresting them.
M: We needed more proof, we started noticing their movements carefully before acting.
名师精解 从“sergeant”（长官）、“arrest”、“proof”这些词，我们可以判断对话是发生在警察局，正确答案是[B]。
（二）人物关系类
听力对话题中会测试一些包括说话者的身份、职业以及两个说话者之间的关系等的题目。如：
经典例题：
What is the most probable relationship of between the two people?
[A]Salesman and customer [B]Doctor and patient
[C] Receptionist and tourist [D] Lawyer and client
听力原文：
W: Good morning, sir. Could I ask you to register, please?
M: Certainly. What do I do?
W: Just fill in this form, if you would, please.
名师精解 在这个对话中，其中一人要另一人“登记（register）”并“填表（fill the form）”，在四个选择项中，［C］“游客和接待员”是最接近的答案。
（三）数字计算类
对话中经常会涉及到时间、号码、价钱、人或物的数量等有关数字的信息，有时还要进行简单的运算。如：
经典例题：
How much will the woman pay for the chairs?
[A]$ 150 [B] $85
[c] $115 [D]$170
听力原文：
M: These steel chairs are on sale for $ 85 each or $ 150 for a pair. How many would you like to have?
W: Let me have a look. Oh, good! I think I’d like to have two.
名师精解 抓住“$ 150 for a pair”和“I’d like to have two”这两个有关信息，排除干扰信息“or $ 85 each”的影响，可知[A]是正确答案。
（四）言外之意类
对话中的含蓄性试题较多，所以，不仅要理解说话人的表层意义，还需体会言外之意。如：
经典例题：
What do we learn from the man’s reply?
[A] He doesn’t care if it is turned off.
[B]He thinks the woman is right.
[C]He is reluctant to turn it off.
[D]He wants the woman to watch the game, too.
听力原文：
W: Do you mind if I turn the TV off?
M: Can’t you see the football match hasn’t finished yet?
W: But the baby is already in bed.
M: Oh, all right. You always get your way.
名师精解 从男士使用的反问句我们可以看出，他对对方提出“turn the TV off”的提议是不情愿的。所以正确答案是［C］。
（五）语法类
这类题型用以测试考生对某个语法现象（如虚拟语气，倒装，反诘，强调，否定等结构）的掌握。因此，考生平时也要注重语法知识的积累。如：
经典例题：
What do we learn from the conversation?
[A]The man is planning a trip to Austin.
[B]The man hasn"t been to Austin before.
[C]The man doesn"t like Austin.
[D]The man has been to Austin before.
听力原文：
W: I am thinking of going to Austin for a visit. Do you think it"s worth seeing？
M: Well, I wish I had been there.
名师精解 对话中的I wish I had been there.表示一种无法实现的愿望。他从未去过那里。因此，[B]才是正确答案。
责任编辑：虫虫
