1. 建立备份目录，设置所有者为postgres
2. 修改pgsql_backup.conf文件，设置需要备份的数据库的数据目录database，和备份目录backup
3. 修改数据库的配置文件postgresql.conf文件，修改archive_command = ’/path/to/pgsql_backup.sh archive %p %f’
4. 以postgres用户身份建立定期任务，定期执行pgsql_backup.sh xlog
5. 执行pgsql_backup.sh base进行基础备份(之前，最好执行一次vacuumdb -afz)
6. 执行pgsql_backup.sh clean <timestamp>清除指定时间以前的备份数据
以下是备份脚本pgsql_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 备份PostgreSQL数据库
# 支持以下命令:
# base: 进行一个基础备份
# archive: 归档数据库日志(用于设置postgresql.conf中的archive_command参数)
# xlog: 复制当前部分填充的日志段
# clean:删除指定日期之前的备份数据
#
#database=/raid/postgresql/8.1/main
#backup=/data/backup/database
. /etc/admin/pgsql_backup.conf
base()
{
local v=$(date "+%Y%m%d")
local d="$backup/base/$v"
mkdir -p "$d"
# vacuumdb -afz
psql template1 -c "select pg_start_backup(’$v’);"
(cd "$database"; cp -a $(ls | sed ’s/pg_xlog//’) "$d")
psql template1 -c "select pg_stop_backup();"
}
# archive_command = ’/raid/bin/pgsql_backup.sh archive %p %f’
archive()
{
local p="$1"
local f="$2"
if [ "$p" = "" ] || [ "$f" = "" ] || [ -f "$backup/archive/$f" ]; then
return 1
fi
mkdir -p "$backup/archive"
cp -a "$p" "$backup/archive/$f"
}
xlog()
{
mkdir -p "$database/pg_xlog"
rsync -a --delete "$database/pg_xlog" "$backup"
}
clean()
{
local t=$(echo "$1" | grep -E ’^[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{1,2}-[0-9]{1,2}$’)
if [ "$t" = "" ]; then
echo "Timestamp ’$1’ error"
return 1
fi
touch -d "$t" "$backup/base/timestamp"
echo -n "Clean archived logs before $(date -r "$backup/base/timestamp" +"%Y-%m-%d")? [y/N] "
read a
if [ "$a" != "y" ]; then
return 1
fi
echo "cleaning..."
find $backup/archive -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -not -newer $backup/base/timestamp -print -exec rm -rf {} \;
find $backup/base -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -not -newer $backup/base/timestamp -print -exec rm -rf {} \;
echo "done."
}
case $1 in
base)
base
;;
archive)
archive "$2" "$3"
;;
clean)
clean "$2"
;;
xlog)
xlog
;;
*)
echo "usage: $0 {base|archive|xlog|clean}"
exit 1
;;
esac
责任编辑：小草
