Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Direcions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfil. You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.
Task 1
Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Most of us grow up taking certain things for granted. We tend to assume that experts and religious leaders tell us “the truth”. We tend to believe that things advertised on television or in newspapers can’t be bad for us.
However, encouragement of critical thinking in students is one of the goals of most colleges and universities. Few professors require students to share the professors’ own beliefs. In general, professors are more concerned that students learn to question and critically examine the arguments of others, including some of their own beliefs or values. This does not mean that professors insist that you change your beliefs, either. It does mean, however, that professors will usually ask you to support the views you express in class or in your writing.
If your premises (前提)are shaky, or if your arguments are not logical, professors personally point out the false reasoning in your arguments. Most professors want you to learn to recognize the premises of your arguments, to examine whether you really accept these premises, and to understand whether or not you draw logical conclusions. Put it this way: Professors don’t tell you what to think; they try to teach you how to think.
On the other hand, if you intend to disagree with your professors in class, you should be prepared to offer a strong argument in support of your ideas. Arguing just for the sake of arguing usually does not promote a critical examination of ideas. Many professors interpret it as rudeness.
36.In the first paragraph, the writer tries to tell us that people ____.
A) easily accept certain things without a second thought
B) grow up through learning certain things in life
C) are forming their views during their growth
D) have strong beliefs in authorities while getting old
37. Nowadays, most colleges and universities encourage students to ____.
A) criticize others
B) share professors’ beliefs
C) give their own ideas
D) change their own beliefs
38. The word “shaky” (Line l, Para.3) most probably means“____”.
A) creative
B) firm
C) false
D) weak
39. To help students develop their critical thinking, professors mainly teach them ____.
A) choice of their premises
B) the way to think independently
C) skills of drawing conclusions
D) different kinds of argument
40. According to the writer, the right way to argue is to ____.
A) argue mainly for the sake of arguing
B) prove it with a good conclusion
C) support your idea with sound reasoning
D) examine others’ ideas critically
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