made it increasingly true that a substantial amount of the knowledge and many of the skills and attitudes needed in today’s world are common across international boundaries. The Ministers noted as examples of such common needs that:⊙All students need to develop a strong skills foundation in literacy and numeracy;⊙All students need to learn to reason and solve problems;⊙All students need to develop an international perspective as well as an understanding and appreciation of their own and other cultures, including those in the Asia-Pacific region;⊙All students need to become familiar with technologies that can make human interaction with nature and knowledge more fruitful; and⊙All students need to learn to work cooperatively with others.III. Establishment of the APEC Education Forum8. To address the need of each APEC member to ensure that its education standards respond to the needs of the Twenty-First Century, the Ministers declared their intent to engage in mutually beneficial cooperative activities in education. For the purposes of (a) developing and implementing these joint activities, and (b) carrying on further discussion of high-priority education issues, the Ministers agreed to endorse and support the establishment of an APEC Education Forum, working under the auspices and within the procedures of the APEC Human Resource Development (HRD) Working Group as recommended by the APEC Senior Officials meeting in Bangkok in June 1992. The Ministers agreed that this forum would also serve as a communication link among APEC members, for discussion of education-related issues.9. By establishing the APEC Education Forum, the Ministers declared their intention to engage in specific, mutually beneficial joint initiatives of two types:⊙the exchange of information. The Ministers agreed that there is a need for exchanges of information among APEC members for the purposes of increasing mutual understanding and improving their education systems.⊙the exchange of people for education-related purposes. The Ministers agreed that there is a need to promote exchanges of people directly involved in the development and delivery of education, such as education policy makers, researchers, teachers, education administrators, and students.Exchanges of information and people could be undertaken for the purposes of conducting joint research, developing cooperative programs, learning more about effective educational methods and programs, and sharing knowledge with APEC counterparts.IV. General Principles for Exchanges of Information and People10. In general, the Ministers declared that the exchanges of information and people described above should be based on the following principles:⊙that initiatives shall offer the potential of mutual benefit to participating APEC members;⊙that undertaking a specific initiative shall have the potential to improve education in APEC participants; and⊙that initiatives selected shall not duplicate existing efforts in the region, and shall be coordinated with and informed by the results of such efforts.V. Priority Areas for Cooperative Activities11. The Ministers identified the following as possible areas for cooperative activities to be undertaken through the APEC Education Forum but agreed that additional areas could be accepted if they are proposed and supported by the members:⊙Comparative studies of existing standards for curriculum content and assessment of student performance against these standards, including comparative analyses of curricula, textbooks, and assessment instruments, particularly in the areas of mathematics, natural sciences, and technical subjects.⊙Research into effective instructional practices that meet the needs of the Twenty-First Century, including the appropriate and effective use of new technologies for instructional purposes, as well as widespread dissemination of the results of such research.⊙Enhancement of the capacity of teachers to offer effective instructional programs to students, paying attention to appropriate standards for teacher education and professional development as well as to school organization, and maintenance or, in some cases, enhancement of the prestige of teaching.⊙Identification of ways to ensure that the knowledge and skills learned in schools (in particular, in primary- and secondary-level education) are relevant to the needs and standards of the workplace and institutions of higher education. Also, exploration of ways of encouraging recognition of qualifications across the region.⊙Exploration of innovative and effective ways to encourage the sustainable development of skilled human resources in the region, in particular through exchanges which build skills and capacities within the region in ways that do not drain such resources from the economies in which they are most needed.⊙Identification of promising ways for students in the region to learn more about the languages, cultures, people, geography, and history of other APEC participants, t
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