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When, 20-year-old Phyllis Burn succumbed to flu during the great pandemic (大范围流行病) of 1918, she was just one victim out of an estimated 25 million across the world. But her wealthy family’s decision to bury her in an expensive, lead-lined coffin (棺材) will help a present-day virologist(病毒学家)in his quest to understand what turns an ordinary flu virus into a killer.
Phyllis had just returned to London from service as a Red Cross ambulance driver in France during the First World War. She had survived the horrors and hardships at the front, only to face another kind ofwar—with the virus that was spreading through her body.
It’s known that Phyllis spent her final days in a house a street away from the family home, perhaps because she was afraid of infecting her nearest and dearest. On 30 th October she took her last breath. It was at the height of the flu epidemic, and some victims were being buried in cardboard coffins or simply wrapped in newspaper. But Phyllis’s family could afford the best that money could buy.
John Oxford, a virologist at Queen Mary’s School of Medicine in London, is glad they did. He’s been searching for preserved samples of the 1918 flu virus for several years. The hope is that sequencing the genome(基因组)of the flu that caused the worst pandemic in recorded history will help to arm ourselves against future outbreaks.
After scanning over thousands of burial records in London from autumn 1918, Oxford came upon Phyllis.
1. The italicized phrase “succumbed to” in the first paragraph probably means __________.
[A] becoming successful due to
[B] dying of
[C] being famous because of
[D] having successive pressure to
2. The passage tells us that the great pandemic of 1918 __________.
[A] killed Phyllis Burn and all her family
[B] killed about 25 million people in Britain
[C] brought great fortune to Bum’s family
[D] came from an ordinary flu virus
3. Which of the following about Phyllis Burn is NOT true according to the passage?
[A] She took part in The First World War.
[B] She was a French servicewoman.
[C] She experienced a lot of horror and hardships.
[D] She lived away from her family before she died.
4. Phyllis Bum was buried in lead-lined coffin because __________.
[A] her family was rich enough to afford it
[B] her family wanted to preserve her body for future medical research
[C] cardboard coffins and newspapers were in short supply
[D] her family were afraid that her body might continue to spread virus
5. Which of the following is the purpose of John Oxford’s investigation on Phyllis’ body?
[A] It is to learn how to preserve a body for long.
[B] It is to find out the virus that killed her.
[C] It is to see why she died so young.
[D] It is to predict future outbreak of similar epidemic.
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