answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.
In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. 62 percent of the more individually oriented Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.
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43. We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe _____.
A. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents
B. the economic success of
C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction
D.
44. Most Americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance to _____.
A. problem solving B. group experience
C. parental guidance D. individually-oriented development
45. In
A. preparing children academically B. developing children’s artistic interests
C. taping children’s potential D. shaping children’s character
46. What does the word “diversity” in the first sentence of the third paragraph mean?
A. sameness B. deadness C. variety D. unify
47. Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to _____.
A. lighten children’s study load B. cultivate children’s creativity
C. broaden children’s horizon D. enrich children’s knowledge
48. Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?
A. The parents feel that their children may do better in their future studies.
B. The parents feel that their children may accumulate more group experience there.
C. The parents fed that their children may be individually oriented when they grow up.
D. The parents feel that their children may have better chances of getting a first-rate education.
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