这道题是细节题，题目中的关键词就是Michael Lynn’s，找到其相关内容，即原文第四段。同义表达就是C选项。
54.We may infer from the context that “upwelling”(Line 2, Para 6) probably means ________
A. selling something up
B. selling something fancy
C. selling something unnecessary
D. selling something more expensive
这道题是个词汇题，其实答案就在这个词后面的那句话every bottle of imported water, every espresso and every cocktail is extra money in the server’s pocket.这句话就解释了upwelling一词的含义。很显然，这些东西就是饭馆经营者搭卖给消费者的，并不是消费者需要的。
55.This passage is mainly about __________
A. reasons to abolish the practice of tipping
B. economic sense of tipping
C. consumers’ attitudes towards tipping
D. tipping for good service
这道题是个主旨题，题目很简单。文章的结构很清晰，作者上来先引出一个话题，然后引用其他众人的观点，分析了问题的原因。因此A选项正确。
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:
“I promise.” “ I swear to you it’ll never happen again.” “I give you my word.” “Honestly. Believe me.” Sure, I trust. Why not? I teach English composition at a private college. With a certain excitement and intensity. I read my students’ essays, hoping to find the person behind the pen. As each semester progresses, plagiarism(剽窃)appears. Not only is my intelligence insulted as one assumes I won’t detect a polished piece of prose from an otherwise-average writer, but I feel a sadness that a student has resorted to buying a paper from a peer. Writers have styles like fingerprints and after several assignments, I can match a student’s work with his or her name even if it’s missing from the upper left-hand corner.
Why is learning less important than a higher grade-point average(GPA)? When we’re threatened or sick, we make conditional promises. “If you let me pass math I will ….” “Lord, if you get me over this before the big homecoming game I’ll….” Once the situation is behind us, so are the promises. Human nature? Perhaps, but we do use that cliché（陈词滥调)to get us out of uncomfortable bargains. Divine interference during distress is asked; gratitude is unpaid. After all, few fulfill the contract, so why should anyone be the exception. Why not ?
Six years ago, I took a student before the dean. He had turned in an essay with the vocabulary and sentence structure of PhD thesis. Up until that time, both his out-of-class and in-class work were borderline passing.
I questioned the person regarding his essay and he swore it I’d understand this copy would not have the time and attention an out-of-class paper is given, but he had already a finished piece so he understood what was asked. He sat one hour, then turned in part of a page of unskilled writing and faulty logic. I confronted him with both essays. “I promise…., I’m not lying. I swear to you that I wrote the essay. I’m just nervous today.”
The head of the English department agreed with my finding, and the meeting with the dean had the boy’s parents present. After an hour of discussion, touching on eight of the boy’s previous essays and his grade-point average, which indicated he was already on academic probation(留校察看), the dean agreed that the student had plagiarized. His parents protested, “He’s only a child” and we instructors are wiser and should be compassionate. College people are not really children and most times would resent being labeled as such…. Except in this uncomfortable circumstance.
56.According to the author, students commit plagiarism mainly for_____.
A.money B.degree C.higher GPA D.reputation
这道题是细节题，文章第一段作者一直在谈自己学生剽窃的普遍性。随后作者在第二段第一句话用一个设问句引出了这种做法的根本原因，即为了获得更高的GPA。
57.the sentence “ Once the situation is behind us , so are the promises’ implies that_________.
A.students usually keep their promises
B.some students tend to break their promises
C.the promises are always behind the situation
D.we cannot judge the situation in advance, as we do to the promises
这道题是个语气题。作者摆出了几个学生的口头禅，当学生们说出这类话的时候，就是他们准备去剽窃，在剽窃之前用这类话求得心理上的慰藉。所以B选项是正确选项。
58.The “borderline passing”(Line 3,Para.3)probably means____________.
A.fairly good B.extremely poor
C.above average D.below average
这道题是个词汇题。从词面上看，我们并不太好判断其准确的含义。但是快速通读第三段后我们发现，这个学生的成绩很糟糕，但是却交上了一份具有博士水平的论文。而且，在第四段，这个学生因为成绩糟糕，已经要被留校查看了。很显然，这里面要强调的是其学习成绩和最后的论文之间的巨大差异。因此D选项是正确的。
59.The boy’s parents thought their son should be excused mainly because_______________.
A.teachers should be compassionate
B.he was only a child
C.instructors were wiser
D.he was threatened
这道题是个细节题，定位在最后一段结尾处。这个学生的服务为他辩护，认为他成绩不好，剽窃论文，只是因为他依然是个孩子。B选项是原文的重现。
60.Which of the following might serve as the title of this passage?
A.Human Nature B.Conditional Promises
C.How to Detect Cheating D.The Sadness of Plagiarism
这道题是个标题题。全文都在谈学生的剽窃问题，以及任课教师心中的悲哀，所以D选项是正确的。
责任编辑：小草
