(81) Which of the following statements is correct? (2 Points)
A．The definition phase results in the Software Requirements Specification.
B．Testing is optional in software life cycle.
C．CASE tools can only aid in the design phase of a software life cycle.
D．A change during a later phase does not require the documentation of all earlier phases to be updated.
(82) Black-box and white-box testing method are often used in software testing phase，in which，the white-box is mainly used to test software’s
A．reasonableness of structure
B．correctness of a program
C．external function of a program
D．internal logic of a program
(83) How does Booth’s Algorithm improve binary multiplication?
A．It prevents overflow.
B．It prevents underflow.
C．It preserves the sign of the multiplication operation.
D．It enhances the speed of the operation significantly.
(84) A cache has 64 blocks; each block is 16 bytes. Which block does byte 1200 map to ?
A．25
B．60
C．75 D)100
(85) Which is NOT a characteristic of an RISC processor?
A．a high clock speed
B．a highly optimized pipeline
C．a few general-purpose registers
D．a limited amount of small instructions
(86) You are performing two sums: the first is a sum of two scalar variables and the second is a matrix sum of a pair of two- dimensional arrays-size 1000 by 1000. What speedup is achieved when the calculations are performed on size 1000 processors? (2 Points)
A．50
B．100
C．999
D．none of the above
(87) According to Shannon’s equation， what is the channel capacity of an analog voice-grade phone line with a bandwidth of 3100 Hz and a signal-to-noise ratio or 30dB? (2 Points)
A．9.1 Kbps
B．9.3 Kbps
C．30.9 Kbps
D．30.17 Kbps
(88) The X﹒25 standard specifies three layers of functionality. Which layers of the OSI model correspond to the X﹒25 layers?
A．the Physical，Network，and Session Layers
B．the Physical，Data Link，and Network Layers
C．the Physical，Data Link，and Transport Layers
D．the Physical，Session，and Presentation layers
(89) Which routing algorithm is described below?
It is a mechanism in which the setding station determines the route the frame will follow and includes the routing information with the frame; bridges read the routing information to determine if they should forward the frame.
A．Fixed Routing
B．Spanning Tree
C．Source Routing
D．Frame Forwarding
(90) Which OSI layer does a bridge operate at?
A．the Physical Layer
B．the Network Layer
C．the Transport Layer
D．the Data Link Layer
二、论述题（两个论述题可任选其一，并只选其一，多选无效，满分30分）
论述题 1
在计算机指令集的设计与实现过程中，出现了两种对立的技术路线或风格，即 CISC 与RISC.
(1) 指出 CISC 的主要弊病.(8分)
(2) 概述 RISC 技术的基本要点.(12分)
(3) Intel X86 系列属于哪一种风格，当前它采用的是怎样的技术路线.(10分)
论述题 2
人们在 管理 实践中发现，数据库技术是信息资源的整理、保存、 管理和使用的最有效的手段。数据库按其数据结构模型分类，通常可分为层次型数据库、 网络 型数据库、关系型数据库和面向对象型数据库，各种类似的数据模型都有自身的特点。 试从关系数据模型的优点和弱点论述：
(1) 为什么人们在开发以事务处理为主的信息系统（例如管理信息系统）时，大多选用关系型数据库作为开发环境？（18分）
(2) 在许多含有复杂数据结构或丰富语义的实际应用领域中， 为什么要选用面向对象数据库或要对关系型数据库作某些扩充和修改？（12分）
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