全国计算机等级考试四级考试试全真模拟试题(二)
来源:优易学  2011-2-22 21:59:43   【优易学:中国教育考试门户网】   资料下载   IT书店



  (73) The following sectors are requested from the disk:
11,1,36,16,34,9,12
What is the order of the sector reads if you are using the elevator algorithm?
(2 grades)
  A.1,9,11,12,16,34,36
  B.11,1,36,16,34,9,12
  C.11,12,9,16,1,34,36
  D.11,12,16,34,36,9,1

  (74) What is the candidate key of a relational database?
  A.A field with a constraint placed on it.
  B.A set of fields that have no data in them.
  C.A set of fields in a table used to identify a record uniquely.
  D.Fields from multiple tables that are used for sorting records.

  (75) What Normal From is the table shown in the exhibit? (2 grades)

  emps tbl
emp_idemp_nameemp_phonedept_namedept_phonedept_mgrname
(1) emp_id→emp_name, emp_phone, dept_name(2) dept_name→dept_phone, dept_mgrname

  A.1NF
  B.2NF
  C.3NF
  D.BCNF

  (76) Which operating system can Oracle database NOT be used in?
  A.DOS
  B.UNIX
  C.Windows95
  D.IBM Mainframes

  (77) Which values are NOT permitted to be part of the primary key?
  A.NULL
  B.punctuation
  C.special characters
  D.alpha-numeric characters

  (78) Which phase of the software engineering process results in the Software Requirements Specification?
  A.definition phase
  B.engineering phase
  C.maintenance phase
  D.development phase

  (79) When drawing multilevel data flow chart of top-down, the balance between parent chart and son chart must be taken into account, and to pass judgment for the balance of the charts is regularly maintained by (2 grades)
  A.Output data
  B.Data dictionary
  C.Processing number
  D.Input data

  (80) Which is the strictest form of cohesion?
  A.logical
  B.functional
  C.procedural
  D.coincidental

  (81) Which is NOT a concept of White Box Testing? (2 grades)
  A.You should execute all loops at their boundary conditions.
  B.You should execute all interfaces at their boundary conditions.
  C.You should execute all logical decisions on their true and false sides.
  D.You should execute all independent paths within a module at least once.

  (82) Prototyping method is a dynamic design process, it requires people who use prototyping method should have the following capability
  A.Proficient program expertise
  B.Immediately acquire requirement
  C.Coordinate & organize eloquently
  D.Handle tools smartly

  (83) There are two styles in the evolution of instruction set , that is CISC and RISC. Which chip belongs to the RISC?
  A.i APX 432
  B.VAX-11/780
  C.Motorola 68000
  D.Power PC

  (84) In advanced PC bus or local bus, which one has the fastest data throughput?
  A.ISA
  B.PCI
  C.MCA
  D.EISA

  (85) There are many methods in the CPETT(short for Computer Performance Evaluation Tools and Techniques). One of them is the method that runs a Kernel as the load of a computer. So we call it
  A.Monitor method
  B.Benchmark method
  C.Model method
  D.Physical method

  (86) There are two common types in page replacement algorithm: stack and non-stack strategies. When a real page number increase only stack algorithm can increase the hit rate monotonously. In the following replacement algorithm,which one belongs to non-stack strategy?(2 grades)
  A.FIFO
  B.LRU
  C.PFF
  D.OPT

  (87) What binary number is encoded with Differential Manchester in the diagram below? (2 grades)
  A.10110011100
  B.11001100011
  C.11000110010
  D.00111001101

  (88) Each host or router on the Internet has its own IP address. There are four IP addresses as followings. Which IP address is erronedus?
  A.189.132.2.1
  B.255.255.255.0
  C.198.73.265.50
  D.192.0.0.3

  (89) When should Frequency Division Multiplexing be used?
  A.when the attenuation on a medium is greater than 25%.
  B.when the white noise on the medium exceeds 50% of the medium’s bandwidth
  C.when the achievable data rate of the medium exceeds the data rate of the digital signals to be transmitted
  D.when the useful bandwidth of the medium exceeds the required bandwidth of the digital signals to be transmited

  (90) The universe of hypertext servers that allow text, graphics, sound, and other multimedia files to be viewed togather and navigated via hypertext links. It is now the fastest growing area of the Internet. It is
  A.Gopher
  B.WWW
  C.E-mail
  D.FTP

二、论述题(两个论述题可任选其一,并只选其一,多选无效,满分30分)

  论述题 1
在计算机指令集的设计与实现过程中,出现了两种对立的技术路线或风格,即 CISC 与RISC.
(1) 指出 CISC 的主要弊病.(8分)
(2) 概述 RISC 技术的基本要点.(12分)
(3) Intel X86 系列属于哪一种风格,当前它采用的是怎样的技术路线.(10分)

  论述题 2
人们在 管理 实践中发现,数据库技术是信息资源的整理、保存、 管理和使用的最有效的手段。数据库按其数据结构模型分类,通常可分为层次型数据库、 网络 型数据库、关系型数据库和面向对象型数据库,各种类似的数据模型都有自身的特点。 试从关系数据模型的优点和弱点论述:
(1) 为什么人们在开发以事务处理为主的信息系统(例如管理信息系统)时,大多选用关系型数据库作为开发环境?(18分)
(2) 在许多含有复杂数据结构或丰富语义的实际应用领域中, 为什么要选用面向对象数据库或要对关系型数据库作某些扩充和修改?(12分)
 
1998年全国 计算机等级 考试四级笔试试卷
答案及评分标准
一、 选择题:(共90题,分为1分题和2分题,满份120分。带“*”的题为2分题,其余均为1分题。)
   1.D * 2.C   3.D   4.D   5.A  
* 6.C * 7.C   8.C   9.C   10.C  
  11.D   12.D   13.C * 14.C   15.A  
* 16.B   17.C   18.D   19.B   20.C  
  21.C * 22.B   23.A   24.D   25.A  
  26.C   27.B   28.D * 29.B * 30.A  
* 31.D * 32.A   33.A * 34.B * 35.B  
  36.A   37.A   38.C   39.B * 40.D  
  41.B   42.C * 43.C   44.C * 45.B  
  46.D   47.D   48.A * 49.D   50.C  
  51.B   52.A   53.B   54.A * 55.A  
  56.C * 57.B * 58.B   59.B   60.C  
  61.B   62.D   63.B   64.C * 65.B  
  66.B * 67.A * 68.A   69.A   70.C  
* 71.B * 72.B * 73.A   74.C * 75.D  
  76.D   77.C   78.A * 78.B   80.C  
* 81.A   82.D   83.C   84.C   85.C  
* 86.C * 87.D   88.B   89.C   90.D  

二、论述题(两个论述题可任选其一,并只选其一,多选无效,满分30分)

论述题1评分参考:
(1) CISC弊病的要点:
①指令集过分庞杂,实际上80%的时间是在执行20%的简单操作指令,这就使多数指令的利用率不高。(2分)
②每条复杂指令要通过执行一段解释性微程序才能完成,这就需要占用过多的CPU周期。(2分)
③由于指令庞大,使编译程序选择目标指令的范围很大,难以优化编译。(2分)
④强调数据控制,导致设计复杂,研制周期变长。(1分)
⑤芯片生产成本提高而成品率降低。(1分)
(2) RISC技术的要点:
①精简指令数量,选择使用频度高的指令。(2分)
②简化指令格式,尽量使指令具有相同长度,并简化寻址方式。(2分)
③采用单周期指令,大部分指令只用一个机器周期即可完成。(2分)
④使用大量寄存器,即指令多为RR格式。特别是采用寄存器窗口技术,提高了过程调用的速度。(2分)
⑤硬线控制逻辑。(2分)
⑥优化编译程序,以简单有效的方式支持高级语言的实现。(2分)
(3) Intel X86系列的技术路线要点:
①早期的86芯片可以说是典型的CISC风格,而且与此芯片系列对应已经开发了大量的软件资源。(4分)
②为了对抗RISC技术的冲击,1989年Intel推出80486芯片,它在保持与386指令集兼容的同时,吸收了RISC的核心技术,从而提高了运行速度。此后的Pentium及Pentium II更是采用RISC常用的超标量、超流水等技术。因此当前它采取的是把CISC与RISC相折衷、相融合的技术路线。(6分)

  论述题2评分参考:
(1) 首先,关系数据模型结构简单,为二维表格结构与目前事务处理系统中数据多以二维表格结构组织和表示相适应。(10分)
其次,关系数据模型的其他优点也适应事务处理的要求:
①表格是一集合,因此集合论等知识可以引入关系型数据模型中,使它具有坚实的数学理论基础。(4分)
②有简单、易懂`易学的关系数据库的标准语言SQL的支持。(2分)
③数据具有较高的独立性。(2分)
(2) 在含有复杂数据结构或丰富语义的实际应用领域中,一般选用面向对象数据库,或要对关系数据库作某些扩充和修改是因为:
①关系数据模型不擅长于表示复杂对象数据类型。(4分)
②也不擅长于表示实体间的语义联系。(4分)
③而面向对象数据模型在这两方面有优势。(4分)

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