相关文章:
2008年考研英语7选5(填空式阅读)真题解析
Directions:
Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions (41-45), choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write. 41
Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. 42 Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.
43 Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will not lose any writing on the other side. If you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraph by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing.
44 These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revision.
Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing. The student who wrote The A&P as a State of Mind wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women.
45Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go through the paper many times-and then again - working to substantiate and clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper. Rewrite. The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.
[A] To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences, and corrections. Write on only one side of the paper.
[B] After you have clearly and adequately developed the body of your paper, pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It's probably best to write the introduction last, after you know precisely what you are introducing. Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression.
[C] It's worth remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific, it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.
[D] It makes no difference how you write, just so you do. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.
[E] Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy's decision to quit his job. Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel's crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A&P policy he enforces.
[F] In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in A&P, the student brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept Lengel's store policies.
[G] By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say, you will very likely discover more than your notes originally suggested. Plenty of good writers don't use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write. Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around.
答案
41.【解析】[D]试题前面的句子The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write告诉读者如果写文章时只要作者不再试图避免一些事情,不管你是站着、坐着还是躺着写作,第一稿就会跃然纸上。试题后面的句子Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you中出现了新的信息:outline(提纲),因此从前后文的语义关系来看,41题中可能会出现和outline相关的内容。对比选项,[D]选项的内容就中提到用什么方式来写作不重要,重要的是定下一个题目,然后可以通过整理笔记来填充你的outline(提纲),在语义上,此选项和试题前面提到的坐着写、站着写、躺着呼应,同时词汇outline在试题中复现,因此可以确定是正确答案。
42.【解析】[G] 试题前面的句子If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft主要叙述了如何把idea(思想)转化为draft(草稿),语义主要集中在idea和draft上面。试题后面的句子Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors强调的内容同样是写作中思想的重要性:when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors(找到一个好的想法,而不是去纠正其中的错误)。因此,要填入的内容表达的重点应当是idea或者是文中出现的what you are saying。对比选项可以发现,选项[G]的首句话By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say复现了前文中的draft,同时又复现了后文中的Concentrate on what you are saying,因此是正确答案。
43.【解析】[A] 试题后面的句子Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will not lose any writing on the other side中出现了that way,所以上文中会说到具体的哪种方式,同时本句话的后半部分叙述的是文章的修改问题。因为这句话是并列结构,因此句中的that way指代的内容应当是这句话后半部分表达的"对文章的修改"。同时,that way所指代的内容要体现在试题中。对比选项,选项[A] To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences, and corrections. Write on only one side of the paper中提到了对文章修改的信息,和下文叙述的内容保持了一致,文章的语义连贯,是正确答案。
44.【解析】[C] 试题后面提到These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revision(修改的时候,看打印出来的材料比看电脑屏幕容易)。限定词these修饰的单词printouts(打印出来的东西)一定会出现在试题中。对比选项,[C]选项中很明显地有同现词copy 还有 printer,它们对应下文中所提及的打印出来的材料,因此是正确答案。
45.【解析】[E] 前文提到Sammy这个人,这是一个线索词,选项中[E] 和[F]中都包含这个词,但是此段的主题句提到you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis(在写作中要删去与主题不相关的素材),[E]选项中的instead of adding that paragraph,也就意味着删去了这段,和主题句对应。而[F]选项只是在说最后一段的具体内容,和本段的主题句不相关,故不符合题意。
责任编辑:小草